| 释义 |
▪ I. generate, ppl. a.|ˈdʒɛnərət|
[ad. L. generāt-us, pa. pple. of generāre: see next.]
= generated.
1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xliv. xiv, These two the worlde dampned in certaynete..And all other than frome them generate. 1555Eden Decades 266 It noryssheth the fecunditie of thynges generate. 1615Chapman Odyss. xi. 842, I was generate By Ioue himselfe. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle, etc. (1871) 113 There is a soule, not generate, but infusde. 1830W. Phillips Mt. Sinai i. 280 Nor such shadows they As those of waters generate, or of air. 1895Q. Rev. Oct. 396 There is only one physician, of flesh and of spirit, generate and ingenerate, God in man.
▪ II. generate, v.|ˈdʒɛnəreɪt|
[f. L. generāt-, ppl. stem of generāre to beget, etc., f. gener-, genus stock, race: cf. gender n., genus.
First in pa. pple. generate.]
†1.
a. trans. To beget, procreate, engender (offspring). Obs.
1509[see generate ppl. a.]. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 170 b, He that by naturall propagacyon hath generate or begoten vs. 1618Chapman Hesiod's Bk. of Days 75 The nineteenth day..Auspicious both to plant, and generate Both sons and daughters. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 76 The person of the Son being only generated, the Fathers power can extend no further. 1697tr. Burgersdicius' Logic i. xxxii. 126 Every mortal is generated, and therefore that which is not generated is not mortal.
b. absol. or intr. To produce offspring. (Now rare.) † Also, to copulate (obs.).
1626Bacon Sylva §758 Some Liuing Creatures generate but at certaine Seasons of the Yeare. 1656Ridgley Prac. Physick 160 Living Creatures which are said to generate, not when they generate their young, but their Seed. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 30 The parents must be supposed to generate, before they can have a power or right of command. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VI. 252 These fish generate in March and April. 1847Emerson Poems, Threnody Wks. (Bohn) I. 492 Blood is blood which circulates, Life is life which generates.
fig.1670Clarendon Contempl. Ps. Tracts (1727) 673 The good man..leaves an ample progeny of just and charitable actions which generate when he is dead.
2. a. Of natural or material agencies or conditions: To bring into existence, to produce (substances, animals, plants, etc.). Chiefly in pass.
1563Fulke Meteors (1640) 65 All agree, that all metalles are generated of Sulphur. 1641Wilkins Math. Magick (1648) II. xii. 253 This cannot be said to foment or preserve the same fire, but onely to generate new. 1665Hooke Microgr. 127 As mushrooms may be generated without seed, so does it not appear that they have any such thing as seed. 1691–1701Norris Ideal World i. vii. 413 When a thing is created or generated, 'tis not this essence of it that is either created or generated, because it was before. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. (1827) I. Pref. 11 Monsters generated from the agitation of the sea. 1834T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 238 A six-pound trout is a mere minnow to what the Rhone generates. 1862Tyndall Mountaineering in 1861, 36 Beyond the boundaries of his knowledge lay a region where rain was generated he knew not how. 1878Sir G. Scott Lect. Archit. I. iii. 126 On the other hand, we were far less liberal in the use of sculpture, and we generated a purely moulded capital, which the French can scarcely be said to possess.
b. esp. To produce, evolve (steam, gas, etc.; also heat, force, friction, light, velocity, etc.).
1791Hamilton tr. Berthollet's Dyeing I. iii. 59 They [vegetable substances] undergo the effects of a slight combustion, which may generate an acid. 1794J. Hutton Philos. Light, etc. 159 If a single coal..cannot generate heat upon the whole..How is the union of those bodies to increase their heat? 1812–16Playfair Nat. Phil. (1819) I. 269 The elastic fluid generated by the gunpowder. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mech. 202 The steam generated is carried to the place intended by means of pipes. 1838Greener Gunnery 378 Generating 300 per cent. less friction than in the Whitworth rifle. 1869Phillips Vesuv. ix. 261 Heat in some way generates the force of the earth-wave. 1872Yeats Techn. Hist. Comm. 325 The gases generated were employed as fuel for heating steel furnaces. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 40 Steam is generated from the water in the boiler by the aid of artificial heat. 1881Besant & Rice Chapl. of Fleet 235 The walls were streaming with the heat generated by the presence of so many men and so much drink. 1884tr. Lotze's Logic 339 We can sometimes observe how they balance each other, sometimes what velocities they generate.
c. Math. To produce or evolve (a line or figure); said chiefly of a point, line, or surface conceived as doing this by its motion.
1698J. Keill Exam. Th. Earth (1734) 275 If both the Ellipse and Circle were turned round the Axis AB there would also be a Spheroid and a Sphere generated. 1709Berkeley Th. Vision §154 The properties of lines generated by the section of a solid. 1831Brewster Optics vi. 57 When these properties of the ellipse and hyperbola, and of the solids generated by their revolution, were first discovered. 1864Bowen Logic viii. 233 We know how a circle is generated. 1866Proctor Handbk. Stars 12 If the figure were to revolve about SP it would generate a sphere. 1885C. Leudesdorf Cremona's Proj. Geom. 83 The pencils generated by m and m′ are projective.
d. Math. and Linguistics. To produce (a set or sequence of items) by certain specified operations or by the repeated application of rules to some basic items.
1896Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. III. 115 If G is generated by substitutions of order pα it is self-conjugate. 1903B. Russell Princ. Math. xxiv. 200 The simplest method of generating a series is as follows. 1947Birkhoff & MacLane Surv. Mod. Algebra vi. 138 The group G is cyclic if it contains some one element x whose powers exhaust G; this element is said to generate the group. Ibid. xiv. 373, x2 + 4x + 2 = O has a root -2 + √2 which generates the same field R(√2), for any number in the field can be expressed in terms of this new generator. 1956N. Chomsky in IRE Trans. Information Theory IT—2 Sept. 113/1 We investigate several conceptions of linguistic structure to determine whether or not they can provide simple and ‘revealing’ grammars that generate all of the sentences of English and only these. 1957― Syntactic Structures ii. 13 The grammar of L will thus be a device that generates all of the grammatical sequences of L and none of the ungrammatical ones. 1958J. T. Culbertson Math. & Logic Digital Devices iv. 45 This rule for generating the integers applies to all systems regardless of radix. 1959Word XV. 237 Even in this grammar, however, it would probably be foolish to generate such small and unproductive sets as the Turkish personal pronouns. 1965Patterson & Rutherford Elem. Abstract Algebra ii. 44 Every element x of a finite group G generates a cyclic subgroup whose order is a factor of the order of G. 1968Language XLIV. 57 If the optional Noun deletion rule does not apply, ma maison is generated instead of la mienne. 1968J. Lyons Introd. Theoret. Ling. iv. 156 When we say that a grammar generates the sentences of a language we imply that it constitutes a system of rules..which..yield..a decision-procedure for any combination.
3. To bring about, give rise to, produce (a result, a state of things; in later use also, a state of mind, feeling, etc.).
1626Bacon Sylva §260 Both of them [visibles and audibles] seeme not to Generate or produce any other Effect in Nature [etc.]. 1665Hooke Microgr. Table 255 Earthquakes seem to be generated much the same way [by eruptions of vapours]. 1796Bp. Watson Apol. Bible 279 The belief of that miracle did not generate conviction that Jesus was the Christ. 1800Colquhoun Comm. Thames viii. 256 Offences were generated in consequence of the imperfections of the Law. 1821J. Q. Adams in C. Davies Metr. Syst. iii. (1871) 124 The same inconsistency of the statutes..generated a lawsuit between commerce and revenue. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. i. (1867) 14 There are among us enthusiastic principles and practices..generated in a period of greater excitement than our own. 1841W. Spalding Italy & It. Isl. III. 288 This unhealthy atmosphere, and the diseases which it generates, prevail over the whole of the great Maremma. 1863Kinglake Crimea (1877) I. iv. 70 The love of killing game generates a sincere wish to preserve it. |