| 释义 |
▪ I. gash, n.1|gæʃ|
Also 6 gashe.
[Later form of garse n. Garse and gash are given side by side in Levins (quot. 1570), and Palsgrave has the intermediate form garsshe. The change may have been helped by the analogy of slash and similar words.]
1. A cut, slash or wound, relatively long and deep, made in the flesh; a cleft in any object, such as would be made by a slashing cut.
1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Luke xxiv. 39 Touche and handle ye my syde, it hath the gashe of the speare. 1555W. Watreman Fardle Facions ii. ix. 193 Firste, with his knife he maketh in it a gashe rounde aboute in a circle, vndre the eares. 1563Sackville Induct. Mirr. Mag., lvii, There hunge his targe with gashes depe and wyde. 1570Levins Manip. 33/14 A garse or gashe, incisura. 1575J. Still Gamm. Gurton i. ii. in Dodsley O. Pl. II. 9 By the masse, here is a gashe, a shamefull hole indeade And one stytch teare furder, a man may thruste in his heade. 1601Holland Pliny I. 545 The same excessiue humor is let out of Fig trees by meanes of certaine light slits or gashes made in the barke. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 331 From the gash A stream of Nectarous humor issuing flow'd Sanguin, such as Celestial Spirits may bleed. 1706–7Farquhar Beaux' Strat. v. iv. Wks. (Rtldg.) 664/2 Let me see your arm..O me! an ugly Gash upon my Word. 1807G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. vii. 397 He at length received a mortal gash. 1878Browning La Saisiaz 7 Scarce enough to heal and coat with amber gum the sloe-tree's gash. 1886M. F. Sheldon tr. Flaubert's Salammbô 8 Through his tattered tunic could be seen on his shoulders the weals of long gashes.
transf. and fig.1641Milton Ch. Govt. i. vi, Instead of healing up the gashes of the Church..fall to gore one another with their sharpe spires. 1643― Divorce ii. xvii, Who hath taught you to mangle thus, and make more gashes in the miseries of a blamelesse creature. 1894Fenn In Alpine Valley I. 29 This wretched deep gash in a hideous Swiss mountain.
b. The act of making such a cut.
1829Hood Eugene Aram xv, Two sudden blows with a ragged stick And one with a heavy stone, One hurried gash with a hasty knife, And then the deed was done. 1853Kane Grinnell Exped. l. (1856) 483 With a knowing gash of his knife, he makes a hole in the under jaw of the seal.
2. U.S. slang. The mouth.
1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xxxviii, Shut your old black gash, and get along in with you. 1878― Poganuc P. xiv. 122 Ef Zeph Higgins would jest shet up his gash in town-meetin', that air school-house could be moved fast enough.
3. attrib., as gash-lobed adj.; also gash-vein Austral. Mining (see quot. 1869).
1846Dana Zooph. (1848) 122 The margin..of the base is..entire, undulating, gash-lobed. 1869R. B. Smyth Goldf. Victoria 612 Gash-vein, a wedge or V shaped vein. 1872Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 269 The almost incredible number of small gash-veins in the slates and greenstone have probably furnished most of the gold.
Add:[2.] b. The vulva. Hence, a woman considered as a source of sexual satisfaction; sexual intercourse, or women (esp. prostitutes) viewed sexually. Cf. slit n. 1 d. coarse slang.
1893Farmer & Henley Slang III. 122/2 Gash,..the female pudendum. 1914Jackson & Hellyer Vocab. Criminal Slang 37 Gash,..an invidious term for woman. 1934J. T. Farrell Studs Lonigan xix. 300 You're young, and there's plenty of gash in the world, and the supply of moon goes on forever. 1963Amer. Speech XXXVIII. 273 That girls are commonly conceived of solely as sexual objects is implicit in such general slang terms for girls as gash or big C. 1974L. Gould Final Analysis (1975) ix. 105, I asked him if I could borrow The Sun Also Rises, and he said, ‘I never lend books to any gash.’ 1982J. May Many-Coloured Land ii. ii. 126 At least tell me the prospects for local gash... We were told that the male–female ratio here was about four to one.
▪ II. gash, n.2 Sc.|gæʃ|
[Prob. a transf. sense of gash ‘a projection of the under jaw’ (Jam.), whence gash-gabbit; cf. gash v.2]
‘Prattle’, ‘pert language’. to set up one's gash, ‘to talk pertly, give an insolent reply’ (Jam.).
1810Cock's Simple Strains 135 (Jam.) Wad ye set up your gash, nae faut, Ye crustie foul-mou'd tyke. 1813W. Beattie Fruits Time Parings (1871) 43 Wi this the wife sets up her gash.
▪ III. gash, n.3 slang.|gæʃ|
Also gashing, gashion.
[Origin unknown; cf. Eng. dial. gaishen a skeleton, a silly-looking person, an obstacle (see E.D.D.).]
Something superfluous or extra; waste, rubbish, garbage. Also attrib. and Comb.
1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 103 Gashions, extra of anything. 1943Baker Dict. Austral. Slang (ed. 3) 34 Gash, a second helping of food; any surplus or residue. 1945‘Tackline’ Holiday Sailor 62 Gash can mean so many things. It is rubbish, waste... It can be supernumerary—a gash-hand who hasn't any particular job to do. 1953Scott & Fisher Thousand Geese v. 54 James planned to tidy up the camp—dig a gash-pit. 1960Times 2 Apr. 8/7 A disgusted stoker is emptying a bottle of best Demerara down the gash-shute. 1965P. Wayre Wind in Reeds xiv. 194 She [sc. a bear] has an unerring nose for what in the Navy was called ‘the gash bucket’, and..invariably went straight to the sink and turned out the contents of the garbage pail underneath.
▪ IV. gash, a.1 Since 16th c. only Sc.|gæʃ|
[? back-formation from gashful a. or gashly a. (but recorded earlier than these).]
Dismal in appearance.
1589Greene Tullies Love (1609) F iij, His friends..noting..his sodaine starts, his gash lookes and his abrupt answeres judged the extremitie of his sicknesse had [etc.]. 1590Cobler of Canterburie 71 He looked wan and gash. a1774Ferguson Poems (1785) 235 The day looks gash, toot off your horn, Nor care yae strae about the morn. 1824Scott Redgauntlet Let. xi, His face looked as gash and ghastly as Satan's. 1861Ramsay Remin. Ser. ii. 42 ‘What gars the laird of Garskadden luk sae gash?’ ‘Ou’, says his neighbour..‘Garskadden's been wi' his Maker these twa hours’. 1864J. Brown John Leech, etc. (1882) 1 The French nun..who was observed by her sisters to sit suddenly still and look very ‘gash’ (like the Laird of Garscadden).
▪ V. gash, a.2 Sc.|gæʃ|
[cf. gash n.2 and v.2]
1. Talkative, loquacious.
1721Ramsay Ode to the Ph―. iv, It [claret] makes a man baith gash and bauld.
2. quasi-adv. Fluently, loquaciously.
1721Ramsay Elegy P. Birnie ii, To see his snowt, to hear him play And gab sae gash.
▪ VI. gash, a.3 Sc.|gæʃ|
[Of obscure origin: perh. a corruption of sagacious, in Sc. pronunc. (səˈgɑʃəs).]
1. Sagacious, wise.
1706in J. Watson Collect. Poems i. 69, I Wily, Witty was, and Gash, With my auld felni packy Pash. 1721Ramsay Poems, Gloss., Gash, solid, sagacious. 1786Burns Twa Dogs 29 He was a gash an' faithfu' tyke.
2. Having an air of wisdom, dignity, or self-importance.
1826J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. Wks. 1855 I. 192 Hae I been sittin wi' specs all the afternoon? You have, James, and very gash you have looked. 1858M. Porteous Souter Johnny 11 He was a gash, wee fodgel body Stood on his shanks baith tight an' steady.
3. Well-dressed and dignified.
1785Burns Holy Fair 55 Here farmers gash, in ridin graith, Gaed hoddin by their cotters. Ibid. 208 In comes a gaucie, gash Guidwife. 1788R. Galloway Poems 111 And gash they thought such country-man.
4. In adverbial use: Trimly, neatly, so as to have a good appearance.
1806A. Douglas Poems 147 The saft o'en cakes, in mony stack, Are set in order rarely, Fu' gash this night.
▪ VII. gash, a.4 slang.|gæʃ|
[Origin unknown; cf. gash n.3]
Superfluous, extra, spare; free.
1945[see gash n.3]. 1946R. Harling Steep Atlantick Stream vii. 190 You can grab an oilskin from the wardroom and there's a gash lifebelt there. 1967G. Hammond Mud in his Eye vii. 82 I've always said the big one [sc. shed] was gash, and the harbour might as well have the rent. 1968Guardian 15 June 8/2 Would he like to go to London, all expenses paid..? Of course he would; a good gash trip. 1971M. Russell Deadline ix. 103 Cop-shop's stuffed with gash CID apprentices.
▪ VIII. gash, v.1|gæʃ|
Also 6 gashe, gassh, gayshe.
[For earlier garsh, garse; cf. gash n.1]
1. trans. To cut, slash or wound (the body).
1570Levins Manip. 35/8 To Gashe, incidere. 1633Heywood Eng. Trav. ii. Wks. 1874 IV. 40 This murdered Ghost appeared His body gasht, and all ore-stucke with wounds. 1659Termes de la Ley s.v. Hambling, The custome was..to cut or gash Dogs in the hammes. 1715–20Pope Iliad iv. 617 Then sudden waved his flaming falchion round, And gash'd his belly with a ghastly wound. 1816Byron Siege Cor. xxxii, With barbarous blows they gash the dead. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xxiii. 296 After skinning the old one they gashed its body. 1878R. B. Smith Carthage 30 His worshippers gashed and mutilated them⁓selves in their religious frenzy.
absol.a1694Tillotson Serm. Wks. 1728 I. ii. 34 Wit is a keen instrument, and every one can cut and gash with it; but to carve a beautiful image and to polish it requires great art and dexterity.
b. To cut or tear asunder. (nonce-use.)
1884Tennyson Becket i. i, O Herbert, here I gash myself asunder from the King, Tho' leaving each a wound.
2. To make a cut or deep slash in any material object. (Chiefly in pa. pple.)
1562[see gashing vbl. n.]. 1577tr. Bullinger's Decades (1592) 239 And to what ende doe wee iagge and gash the garmentes? 1847Disraeli Tancred v. ii, They filled the stomachs of the animals with lemons gashed with their daggers.
transf.1872C. King Mountain. Sierra Nev. ix. 204 Afar to the west lay the rolling plateau gashed with cañons.
3. intr. To open in a gash. rare—1.
c1750Shenstone Eleg. xxii. 67 To see my limbs the felon's gripe obey? To see them gash beneath the daring steel?
Hence ˈgashing vbl. n. and ppl. a. Also ˈgasher, one who gashes or cuts. rare—0.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 84 There may be taken out of the stalke and roote both a iuice by gasshyng and an other by pressyng. 1598Florio, Incisore,..a gasher, a lancer, a grauer or cutter. 1834M. Scott Cruise Midge (1863) 109 The clear axe..fell twice in heavy gashing thumps. 1888J. Inglis Tent Life in Tiger Land x. 161 With swift cutting blows of the cruel, gashing tusks.
▪ IX. gash, v.2 Sc.|gæʃ|
[Perh. f. gash projecting under-jaw; see gash n.2 Cf. also gash a.2]
intr. To talk, converse, gossip.
a1774Fergusson Poems (1845) II. 104 The couthy cracks begin whan supper's owre, The cheering bicker gars them glibly gash. 1785Burns Halloween xi, She lea'es them gashin at their cracks, An' slips out by hersel.
Hence ˈgashing ppl. a.
1819W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd (1827) 12 Crail town was up wi' gashin' gabs; Wabsters, throu' zeal, forgat their wabs. |