| 释义 |
▪ I. troll, n.1|trəʊl|
Also 6 trowell, 7 trole, troul, trowle, 7–9 trowl.
[app. f. troll v.; but in some uses the derivation is uncertain.]
1. The act of trolling; a going or moving round; routine or repetition.
1705Rowe Biter i. i, Make up the Troll of the Sentence, as merrily conceited Persons are us'd to do. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 274 The troll of their categorical table might have informed them that there was something else..besides substance and quantity.
2. A song the parts of which are sung in succession; a round, a catch.
1820W. Irving Sketch Bk., Little Britain (1865) 306 The famous old drinking trowl from Gammer Gurton's Needle. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xix. 233 It is sad..to miss..the joyous troll of his ballads.
†3. A little wheel; spec. an angler's reel or winch on a fishing-rod. Obs.[Cf. OF. trueil (Godef. Compl.), F. treuil windlass, winch.] 1570Levins Manip. 57/15 A Trowell, rotula. 1662Venables Experienced Angler iv. 47 With your troul wind up your line till you think you have it almost streight. 1670–1Act 22 & 23 Chas. II, c. 25 §6 If any person..shall..use any..Nett..Angle, Haire Noose, Troll or Speare.
4. Angling.
a. The method of trolling in fishing for pike, etc.: see troll v. 13.
1681J. Chetham Angler's Vade-m. xli. §7 (1689) 312 It's not so good for the Trowl as snap. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 324/2 Trowl, a fishing for a Pike: and this is by walking, and the line to run on a winch, that it may be winded up, or let out at pleasure. 1794Sporting Mag. III. 247 Both at trowl and snap, cut away one of the fins. 1847T. Brown Mod. Farriery 902 At both troll and snap some persons have two or more swivels to their line.
b. A lure used in trolling, as a trolling-spoon (see trolling vbl. n. 4).
1869Cornh. Mag. Apr. 419 The many artificial trolls which have been..invented for salmon and trout-angling.
5. A kind of low cart: = trolley n. 1. local.
1663[implied in trollful: see below]. 1810Hull Improv. Act 56 Any cart waggon sledge troll dray. 1870Murray's Handbk. E. Counties 224/2 They [the ‘rows’ of Yarmouth] are traversed by..a sort of horse-wheelbarrow, called ‘trolls’ or ‘trolly-carts’. 1882Buckland Notes & Jottings 192 When the trawlers [at Yarmouth] come in laden with fish they transfer them to very large boats..and thence into trolls, which are backed into the water.
6. attrib. and Comb.: troll-line = trawl-line (see trawl n. 4); troll-plate (see quot.).
1888Earll in Goode Amer. Fishes 195 The smack fishermen of Charleston catch a few on *troll-lines during..spring and early summer.
1877Knight Dict. Mech., *Troll-plate (Machinery), a rotating disk employed to effect the simultaneous convergence or divergence of a number of objects; such as screw-dies in a stock, or the jaws of a universal chuck.
Hence ˈtrollful, as much as fills a troll (sense 5).
1663P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 143 August 1. Hay carry'd in out of ye great meadow, three trolefuls.
▸ Computing slang. A person who posts deliberately erroneous or antagonistic messages to a newsgroup or similar forum with the intention of eliciting a hostile or corrective response. Also: a message of this type.
Perhaps influenced by troll n.2
1992Re: Why Not? in alt.folklore.urban (Usenet newsgroup) 14 Dec. If I didn't know better I would swear that this post bears the mark of the inevitable Peter van der Linden in troll mode. 1995Toronto Star (Nexis) 23 Feb. g3 Posts that are designed to encourage angry responses are called ‘trolls’ because the purpose is to fish for flames. 1996M. Tepper in D. Porter Internet Culture 41 The hoped-for response to a troll is an indignant correction. 2005Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 28 Jan. 4, I have not included a feedback page or forum with this site, because those things just seem to attract trolls.
▪ II. troll, n.2|trəʊl|
Also trold, trolle. See also trow n.4
[a. ONorse and Swed. troll, Da. trold (whence Da. trylla, trylde, Sw. trolla to charm, bewitch, ON. trolldómr witchcraft).
(Adopted in English from Scandinavian in the middle of the 19th c.; but in Shetland and Orkney, where the form is now trow (in 1616 troll), it has survived from the Norse dialect formerly spoken there.)]
a. In Scandinavian mythology, One of a race of supernatural beings formerly conceived as giants, now, in Denmark and Sweden, as dwarfs or imps, supposed to inhabit caves or subterranean dwellings: see quotations, and cf. trow n.4
1616Dittay Sheriff Court Shetland 2 Oct. (Jam. s.v. Trow), The said Catherine for airt and pairt of witchcraft and sorcerie, in hanting and seeing the Trollis ryse out of the kyrk yeard of Hildiswick.
1851Borrow Lavengro xxx. (1911) 188 A laidly Trold has dragged it there. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Ability Wks. (Bohn) II. 34 The Scandinavian fancied himself surrounded by Trolls—a kind of goblin men, with vast power of work and skilful production. 1865Baring-Gould Werewolves iv. 40 In the Hrolfs Saga Kraka, we meet with a troll in a boar's shape, to whom divine honours are paid. 1865Whittier Tent on Beach, Kallundborg Church 14 But the sly Dwarf said, ‘No work is wrought By Trolls of the Hills, O man, for naught.’ 1867Brande & Cox Dict. Sc., etc. s.v., These Trolls are superior to man in strength and stature, but far beneath him in mind. 1869H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey II. 273 A boy's escape from a Troll or an enchanted horse.
b. attrib. and Comb. That is a troll, as troll-maiden, troll-wife, troll-woman; belonging to or inhabited by trolls, as troll-garden, troll-land, troll-marsh; also troll-like adj.; troll-bull, a supernatural being in the form of a bull; troll-drum, a drum used in Lappish magical rites; trollman, a magician or wizard.
1902Folk-Lore June 185 On ‘Old Holy Kings' Night’ black *troll-bulls come up from the sea and visit the byres.
1894Jrnl. Hellenic Stud. XIV. 270 In Lapland..designs of this character ornamented the *troll-drums of the magicians till within a recent period.
1864Kingsley Rom. & Teut. i. (1875) 1 Fancy to yourself a great *Troll-garden.
1886J. Corbett Fall of Asgard I. 65 This is no *Troll-land, but a fair place that Thor has kept for you.
1954J. R. R. Tolkien Two Towers iv. 66 A large Man-like, almost *Troll-like, figure. 1978Trans. Yorks. Dial. Soc. lxxviii. 18 Joseph is a troll-like figure, the foil to Heathcliff's gigantic, elemental being.
1886J. Corbett Fall of Asgard 36 They had wanted to drive her away for a *troll-maiden.
1865Baring-Gould Werewolves viii. 108 Property..imparted to them by the *Trollmen.
1886J. Corbett Fall of Asgard I. 59 Over the lake..and over the *Troll marsh to the valley.
1851Thorpe Northern Mythol. I. 113 Hedin met in the forest a *Troll-wife riding on a wolf, with a rein formed of serpents.
1862H. Marryat Year in Sweden II. 390 Herve Ulf, on his way to matin-song, was accosted by a *Trolle woman.
▸ In extended use: an unpleasant or ugly person.
1697J. Evelyn Let. to R. Bentley 20 Jan. (MS BL Add. 78299) f. 110, Now will not yu conclude me mad, & that the old troll dotes? Well, Remember the Philosopher & Hobby-horse, & suspend yr censure til you have Nephew of yr owne. 1869E. V. H. Kenealy Autobiogr. E. W. Montagu I. 139 Even then I began to look with hatred on the sickening little troll [i.e. Alexander Pope] with all his rhyming art. 1888S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield 267 Troll, a slattern. ‘A regular old troll.’ 1947D. A. Davidson Steeper Cliff iii. 25 The paunchy little troll had a compulsion to increase any statement with the comparative form and the superlative. 1990Viz Oct.–Nov. 48/3 God! Watch my lips you deaf old troll. 1999Wallpaper Nov. 150 It would be a haggard, hard-assed troll who would not upgrade someone with head injuries and a fractured femur.
▪ III. troll, v.|trəʊl|
Forms: 4–5 trolle, 6 trol, 6–7 trole, 6– troll; 5–9 trowl, 6–7 trowle, troule, 6–8 troul; 5–9 trull, (5 trulle); 8–9 Sc. trow.
[A word or series of words of uncertain origin, and of which all the senses do not go closely together. It is generally derived from OF. troller, a hunting term, ‘to quest, to go in quest of game, without purpose’, of which Godefroy has one instance. This survives in mod.French (see Littré). Godefroy has also one example of traller, in Littré trôler ‘to lead or walk in all directions indiscriminately, to run here and there, to run about, ramble’. These may well be the same word, and trôler is by many referred to Ger. trollen ‘to roll’, though the senses are not the same. Both senses are found in English, but the word has also other senses not found in German or French.]
I.
1. intr. To move or walk about or to and fro; to ramble, saunter, stroll, ‘roll’; spec. (slang) of a homosexual: to walk the streets, or ‘cruise’, in search of a sexual encounter; cf. sense 13.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xviii. 296 And þus hath he trolled [v.r. tollid] forth þis two & thretty wynter. [1561: see 15 b.] 1691tr. Emilianne's Frauds Rom. Monks (ed. 3) 107 Another sort of Pilgrims..who spend their time in trouling from one place of Devotion to another. 1942E. Langley Pea Pickers i. iii. 41 Past rows of hawthorn hedges in leaf, but lacking flowers, we trolled. 1967A. Wilson No Laughing Matter iii. 201 At first..I just got myself picked up... But later I started trolling. 1967Listener 21 Dec. 814/3 They all come trolling on in form-hugging black and do evocative things with chairs and ladders and planks of wood. 1981R. Barnard Sheer Torture xi. 120, I trolled off quite happily and entered the house.
2. trans. To move (a ball, bowl, round body) by or as by rolling; to roll, bowl, trundle; to turn over and over, or round and round; to roll (the eyes); to throw (dice); spec. to trundle (a bowl) at the game of bowls (also absol.); also, to knock down by bowling.
c1425St. Eliz. of Spalbeck in Anglia VIII. 117/12 Sche myghte not holde hir heed vpon a pillow..but..trollid it hyderwarde and þyderwarde. c1450Two Cookery-bks. 95 Put all in a treen boll, and trull [v.r. twille] hit to-gidre with thi honde. 1572[see troll-madam]. 1599Porter Angry Wom. Abingd. (Percy Soc.) 8 Let them trowle the bowles vppon the greene; Ile trowle the bowles in the buttery. 1628Sir R. Le Grys Barclay's Argenis 77 Shee trowled her angry eyes on euery side. 1647Fanshaw Civ. Wars Rome Poems 301 The forbidden Dice to trowle. 1665T. A. Excell. Roy. Hand 9 Taking a few Pease out of his Pocket,..he troll'd them along the Floor. 1699J. Dunton Life & Err. (1818) II. 594 The Duke was then flinging the first bowl. Next trowled the Bishop. 1821Galt Ann. Parish xlv, The sinner..who loves to troll his iniquity like a sweet morsel under his tongue. 1822Scott Nigel xxi, As I was wont to trowl down the ninepins in the skittle-ground. 1841Thackeray Drum i. iii, My Grandsire was trolling the [drum-]sticks.
3. intr. To roll; also, to turn round and round; to spin, whirl.
1581Mulcaster Positions xix. (1887) 80 Children when they had their whirling gigges vnder the deuotion of their scourges, caused them to troule about the broad streates. 1626Breton Fantasticks, Easter Day (1857) 330 The Lovers eyes doe troule like Tennis balls. 1664Power Exp. Philos i. 18 Mites..trolling to and fro with this mealy dust..sticking to them. 1730Swift Death & Daphne 88 How pleasant on the Banks of Styx, To troll it in a Coach and Six! 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. l, This is Lady—Lady—these tamn'd Southern names rin out o' my head like a stane trowling down hill. 1855Singleton Virgil I. 80 Waggons..That lazy troll.
II.
4. a. intr. To move nimbly, as the tongue in speaking; to wag. Also said of a person. Obs. or arch.
a1616Beaumont Ex-ale-tation of Ale xxxiv, Fill him but a boule, it will make his tongue troule. 1638Ford Fancies iii. iii, His tongue trouls like a mill-clack. 1828Blackw. Mag. XXIV. 166 See how she trolls with the tongue.
b. trans. To move (the tongue) volubly. ? Obs.
1667Milton P.L. xi. 620 To sing, to dance, To dress, and troule the Tongue, and roule the Eye. 1747[? Upton] New Canto Spencer's F.Q. xviii. 12 How they troul the Tongue and roll the Eye.
†5. fig. trans. To turn over in one's mind; to revolve, ponder, contemplate. Obs. rare—1.
1685F. Spence tr. Varillas' Ho. Medicis 107 His Holiness.. had trolled in his understanding so black a crime.
III. †6. trans. To cause to pass from one to another, hand round among the company present; esp. in phrase to troll the bowl. Hence troll-the-bowl as n., a tippler, carouser. Obs.
1575Song in Gammer Gurton ii. B j b, Then dooth she trowle, to mee the bowle. 1599Porter Angry Wom. Abingd. B ij b, Where be..these trowle the bowles, these greene men? 1600Dekker Gentle Craft (1862) 4 Trowl the bowl, the jolly nut-brown bowl. 1819Scott Ivanhoe II. vi. 88 Come, trowl the brown bowl to me.
†7. intr. Of the vessel or its contents: To move or pass round the company; to circulate, be passed round. Obs.
1620Middleton Chaste Maid iii. ii. 77 Now the cups troll about To wet the gossips' whistles. 1651Miller of Mansf. 9 Nappie Ale..in a browne Bole Which did about the Board merrily trowle. 1808Scott Marm. vi. Introd. 65 The wassel round, in good brown bowls, Garnish'd with ribbons, blithely trowls.
†8. intr. To come in abundantly like a flowing stream; to ‘roll’ in. Obs.
1576Gascoigne Steele Gl. (Arb.) 68 He that can winke at any foule abuse As long as gaines come trouling in therwith. a1627Middleton & Rowley Spanish Gypsy i. (1653) C ij, This little Ape gets money by the sack full, It troules upon her. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Jack-a-Lent Wks. i. 117/1 The pide-coat Mackrell, Pilchard, Sprat, and Soale, To serve great Jacke-a-Lent amaine doe trole. 1689Hickeringill Ceremony-Monger Concl. iii. Wks. 1716 II. 482 The Council of Sardica..saw this Develish Mischief coming trowling into the Church.
†9. trans. To cause to roll or flow (in). Obs.
1573Tusser Husb. lix. (1878) 137 That trustily thriftines trowleth to thee. 1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe (1871) 40 To trowl in cash throughout all nations.
IV.
10. a. trans. To sing (something) in the manner of a round or catch; to sing in a full, rolling voice; to chant merrily or jovially. Const. forth, out. Cf. roll v.2 4 b and trolly-lolly int.
Perh. originally fig. from 6 = to sing in succession, as a round or catch (each line being as it were passed on to the next singer).
1575,1586[see trolling vbl. n. 2]. 1610Shakes. Temp. iii. ii. 126 Will you troule the Catch You taught me but whileare? 1672Shadwell Miser 1, If thou wert just now trolling out Hopkins and Sternhold. 1813Scott Rokeby iii. xxviii, But, hark! our merry-men so gay Troll forth another roundelay. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola ix, He could touch the lute and troll a gay song. 1881R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 283 But let him feign never so carefully, there is not a man but has his pulses shaken when Pan trolls out a stave of ecstasy and sets the world a-singing. 1933H. Allen Anthony Adverse III. ix. lxiv. 1190 At Anthony's suggestion they left off the doleful ballads which at first engrossed them and took to trolling more cheerful lays. 1951N. M. Gunn Well at World's End xiv. 99 He felt like a voyageur..trolled a note or two and lifted his tweed hat as if it were a sombrero. 1977Rolling Stone 16 June 69/2 When the Diamonds trolled ‘Them Never Love Poor Marcus’, I was moved.
b. intr. To sing in this way; to carol, warble.
1879Stevenson Trav. Cevennes 132 He trolled with ample lungs. 1881― Virg. Puerisque 281 Pan, the god of Nature,..trolling on his pipe until he charmed the hearts of upland ploughmen.
11. intr. Of bells: To give forth a recurring cadence of full, mellow tones; of a song: to sound or be uttered in a full, rolling, or jovial voice; transf. of a tune: to be present in or recur constantly to the mind, to ‘run in one's head’.
1607[see trolling ppl. a.]. 1678Dryden Kind Keeper iii. i, I have had..a Tune trouling in my Head. 1682H. Aldrich Upon Christ Church Bells Oxf., O the bonny Christ Church Bells..they..trowle so merrily, merrily. 1813[see trolling ppl. a.] 1890Barrie My Lady Nicotine xxx. 239 He strolled away, an air from ‘The Grand Duchess’ lightly trolling from his lips.
12. trans. To utter nimbly or rapidly; to recite in a full rolling voice. Also intr. of speech.
1625B. Jonson Staple of N. iv. iv, If he runne To his Iudiciall Astrologie, And trowle the Trine, the Quartile and the Sextile. 1709Mrs. Manley Secret Mem. I. 185 The old Ones Discourse trouls all upon Virtue. 1850L. Hunt Autobiog. III. xix. 50 They speak well out, trolling the words clearly over the tongue. 1874Blackie Horæ Hellen. 292 Greek trimeters may be trolled off from the British tongue, as glibly as any hexameters. 1948J. Berryman Dispossessed 77 Now Tell me. Troll me the sources of that Song—Assigned last week—by Blake. 1971K. Millett Sexual Politics (1972) ii. iii. 137 The old scholar chuckles while trolling the more rakish passages of Catullus.
V.
13. Angling. intr. To angle with a running line (? orig. with the line running on a ‘troll’ or winch); also (trans.) to fish (water) in this way; spec. a. to fish for pike by working a dead bait (usually on a gorge hook) by a sink-and-draw motion; b. (trans. and intr.), to angle with a spinning bait: = spin v. 12 a, b; c. in U.S. and Sc. use (perh. through association with trail or trawl), to trail a baited line behind a boat. Also fig.
In quot. 1606 perh. confused with trawl.
1606S. Gardiner Bk. Angling 28 Consider how God by his Preachers trowleth for thee. 1651–7[see trolling vbl. n. 3]. 1675Crowne Country Wit v, Here have I been angling and trowling for my Father-in-law, and have had him at my hook all day. 1682Nobbes Compl. Troller (1822) 226 In some places, they troll without a rod, or playing the bait, as I have seen them throw a line out of a boat, and so let it draw after them as they row. 1711Gay Rural Sports i. 264 Nor drain I ponds the golden carp to take, Nor trowle for pikes, dispeoplers of the lake. 1764Goldsm. Trav. 187 The peasant..With patient angle trolls the finny deep. 1814–24P. Hawker Instr. Yng. Sportsm. 173 Trolling, or spinning a minnow, is the other most general mode of trout fishing. 1831Encycl. Brit. (ed. 7) III. 144/2 Trolling, in the more limited sense of the word, signifies catching fish with the gorge-hook, which is composed of two, or what is called a double eel-hook. 1864Webster, Troll,..to angle..with a hook drawn along the surface of the water. 1881Harper's Mag. Nov. 831, I troll a cast of flies. 1891Lang Angling Sk. 5 Trolling a minnow from a boat in Loch Leven—probably the lowest possible form of angling. 1966E. Lindall Time too Soon iv. 51 Kamindo had rebuffed him when he had trolled for information. 1984Monitor (McAllen, Texas) 1 May 6a/3 It will troll the Earth's upper atmosphere for magnetospheric, atmospheric and gravitational data.
†14. fig. trans. To draw on as with a moving bait; to entice, allure. Obs.
1565Golding Ovid's Met. ii. (1593) 33 They troll me downe to lower waies. 1638Ford Lady's Trial v. I foster a decoy here, And she trowls on her ragged customer. 1684J. Goodman Winter-even. Confer. i. (1705) 21 The hopes he is fed withal trowls him on.
VI.
†15. Phrases.
a. Hawking. (?)
a1529Skelton Ware the Hauke 116 With troll, cytrace [? trytrace], and trouy, They ranged, hankin bouy. 1575R. B. Appius & Virginia B j, With hey tricke, how trowle, trey trip, and trey trace Trowle hazard in a vengeance.
†b. troll and troll by, troll hazard, troll with, as ns., names for various ‘orders of knaves’: see quot. and cf. sense 1. Obs. Cant.
1561J. Awdelay Frat. Vacab. (E.E.T.S.) 12 Troll and Trol by, is he that setteth naught by no man nor no man by him. Troll with is he that no man shall know the seruaunt from y⊇ Maister... Troll hazard of trace is he that goeth behynde his Maister as far as he may see hym... Troll hazard of tritrace, is he that goeth gaping after his Master.
▸ intr. Computing slang. To post a deliberately erroneous or antagonistic message on a newsgroup or similar forum with the intention of eliciting a hostile or corrective response. Also trans.: to elicit such a response from (a person); to post messages of this type to (a newsgroup, etc.).
1992Re: Post the FAQ in alt.folklore.urban (Usenet newsgroup) 8 Oct. Maybe after I post it, we could go trolling some more and see what happens. 1993Re: Bread & Napolean's Lemur in alt.folklore.urban (Usenet newsgroup) 17 Feb. This looks like perfectly good AFU material... Or have I just been trolled? 2001D. Crystal Lang. & Internet ii. 53 Not all chatgroups troll; some insert clues to the existence of a troll into a message that only the cognoscenti recognize; some are very much against the whole process, conscious of the communicative disruption that can result. 2005B. McWilliams Spam Kings iii. 69 Once, after a spammer trolled Nanae, accusing antis of having no life, Mad Pierre sarcastically responded that the spammer was correct.
▪ IV. troll
obs. form of trowel. |