| 释义 |
‖ troika|ˈtrɔɪkə|
[Russ. troĭka.]
1. A Russian vehicle drawn by three horses abreast.
1842tr. Kohl's Russia xxv. 202 One of his [Orlowsky's] best, and best-known pictures is his ‘Courier’. A Russian troika is carried on at full speed by three wild horses. 1904Daily Record & Mail 22 Apr. 4, I crossed the Baikal in a troika, a basket sleigh on wooden runners, drawn by three horses abreast.
2. A group or set of three persons (rarely things) or categories of people associated in power; a three-person commission or administrative council. Also attrib.
1945[see N.K.V.D. s.v. N II. 1]. 1954C. P. Snow New Men xl. 286 Faith, hope, and hate: that was the troika which rushed him on. 1957Times Lit. Suppl. 15 Nov. 682/1 The so-called troika, or commission of three, which authorized summary executions. 1961Guardian 6 June 1/2 Experience of the United Nations action in the Congo..had convinced the Soviet Government of the need for the troika principle to be applied to all international action. 1961New Statesman 9 June 901/2 Krushchev's central doctrine of the ‘Troika’, the principle of triple-harness—Communist, western and uncommitted—in the administrative, as well as in the policy-making, organs of the UN. 1969A. Arent Laying on of Hands (1971) ix. 91 The landed gentry. Part of the troika who, with the army and the Church, run Spain. 1971Nature 26 Feb. 585/1 Every chemistry department, after all, is now at least a troika of inorganic, physical and organic chemistry. 1974T. P. Whitney tr. Solzhenitsyn's Gulag Archipelago I. i. vii. 281 Real scope entered the picture with the twenties, when permanently operating Troikas—panels of three, operating behind closed doors—were created to bypass the courts permanently. 1976Church Times 23 Jan. 9/1 The editorship is now a troika consisting of David Jenkins, John Drury and James Mark. 1976M. J. Lasky Utopia & Revolution (1977) ii. 92 Ideas, images, and ideology never quite manage to be harnessed into a controllable troika. |