| 释义 |
trochanter Anat. and Zool.|trəʊˈkæntə(r)|
[a. F. trochanter (Paré, 16th c.), a. Gr. τροχαντήρ (in sense 1), f. τρέχειν to run.]
1. A protuberance or process in the upper part of the thigh-bone, serving for the attachment of certain muscles; usually, as in man, two in number, the great trochanter (t. major) for the external rotator muscles, and the lesser trochanter (t. minor) for the ilio-psoas muscle.
1615Crooke Body of Man 997 The great Trochanter..the lesser Trochanter. These two processes are ioyned together by a line which buncheth out behind. 1741Monro Anat. Bones (ed. 3) 279 The Muscles inserted into these two Processes being the principal Instruments of the rotatory Motion of the Thigh, have occasioned the Name of Trochanters to the Processes. 1881Mivart Cat 282 Between the great trochanter and the tuberosity of the ischium.
2. Entom. The second joint of an insect's leg, next to the coxa (coxa 2); sometimes consisting of two joints (cf. trochantin b).
1816Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxii. (1818) II. 286 These legs..vary in larvæ of the different orders; but they seem in most to have joints answering to the hip (coxa); trochanter; thigh (femur); shank (tibia); foot (tarsus), of perfect insects. 1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. vi. i. 310 Each limb [of the Sarcoptus Scabiei] consists of a hip, trochanter, small trochanter, thigh, leg, and tarsus.
Hence trochanteral |-ˈkæntərəl|, trochanterian |-ˈtɪərɪən| (rare—0) [F. trochantérien], trochanteric |-ˈtɛrɪk| adjs., pertaining to a trochanter; trochanteric fossa = digital fossa (see digital A. 2).
1842E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. (1851) 254 The trochanteric fossa of the femur. 1857Dunglison Med. Lex., Trochanterian. 1890Humphry Old Age 16 Liability to fracture..especially remarkable in the trochanteric part and neck of the thigh-bone. 1961Webster, Trochanteral. 1967J. H. Sudd Introd. Behaviour Ants ii. 15 The coxal and trochanteral joints. |