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trio|ˈtriːəʊ, ˈtraɪəʊ|
[a. F. trio (a 1600 in Hatz.-Darm., according to whom) a. It. trio, f. tre three, ‘formed in imitation of duo’.]
1. Mus.
a. A composition for three voices or instruments; also, a company of three performers singing or playing such a composition.
1724Short Explic. For. Wds. in Mus. Bks., Tria, or Trio, Musick in Three Parts is so called, either for Voices or Instruments, or both together. 1727–41Chambers Cycl., Trio, in music; a part of a concert wherein three persons sing; or more properly a musical composition consisting of three parts. 1775F. Burney Early Diary (1889) II. 134 It seemed to be a sort of trio between an old woman, a young woman, and a young man. 1824Byron Juan xvi. xlv, Oh! the long evenings of duets and trios! 1885‘Mrs. Alexander’ At Bay iii, Mademoiselle Antoinette and Elsie, assisted by the singing-master, were performing a trio.
b. Name for a second or subordinate division of a minuet or other dance movement, or of a scherzo or march; commonly in a different key and style from the main division, which is repeated after it.
Supposed to be so called because originally written for three instruments or in three parts.
1840Encycl. Brit. (ed. 7) XXI. 387/1 The term trio is also applied to a movement in 3/4th time, which often follows the minuet in a piece of instrumental music. 1889F. Corder in Grove Dict. Mus. IV. 172/2 How the second minuet acquired the name of Trio is not quite clear. Bach only calls it so in the few instances in which it is written in three parts—as opposed to the minuet in two. Ibid. 173/1 By the time of Haydn the term Trio is firmly established, and even in his earliest works..there are two minuets, each with a trio.
2. A group or set of three:
a. of persons.
[1763F. Brooke Lady J. Mandeville (1820) 55 Fore⁓seeing we should be a very awkward party to-day à trio, I sent..to ask three or four very agreeable girls..to come and ramble all day with us in the woods.] 1789H. Walpole Let. to Mrs. H. More 22 Apr., The lady flowers and their lovers enter in pairs or trios. 1836W. Irving Astoria xliv. III. 38 The trio of Kentucky hunters, Robinson, Rezner, and Hoback. 1904Verney Mem. II. 59 Chatting with this trio of charming cousins.
b. of things or animals; in quot. 1777 a stanza of three lines; in Cricket, three runs.
1777tr. Chesterfield's Lett. i. xxxv. Misc. Wks. II. 110, I will tell you very frankly, I could as soon get off fifty thousand of his trios as fifty. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. xiii. 132 [Walrus] surging in loving trios from crack to crack. 1873Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 2) §109 The general adoption of this trio of vowel-sounds as the basis of phonology. 1882Daily Tel. 24 June, At 237 Studd resumed in place of Ramsay, but was almost at once driven by Giffen for a trio.
c. Cards. At piquet, a combination of three aces, kings, queens, or knaves in one hand.
1891in Cent. Dict.
3. Comb., as trio-sonata [cf. It. sonata a tre], a sonata written in three parts, and often performed on four instruments.
1884Bell & Fuller-Maitland tr. Spitta's Johann Sebastian Bach II. iv. iii. 106 The accompaniment..is arranged by one of the master's best pupils..who did the same thing in a trio-sonata of Bach's. 1934(title) J.-M. Leclair: Trio-Sonata in B flat major for 2 violins, violon⁓cello (ad lib.) & Piano. 1958Listener 11 Dec. 1010/2 Purcell wrote two splendid sets of trio-sonatas. 1978Early Music Oct. 561/1, I have chosen the trio sonata in C major for recorder, flute and basso continuo. |