| 释义 |
triangular, a. (n.)|traɪˈæŋgjʊlə(r)|
Also 6–7 -er, -are, (7 triangler).
[ad. late L. triangulār-is: see triangle and -ar1. Cf. OF. triang(u)lier (13th c. in Godef.).]
1. a. Having, or arranged in, the form of a triangle; contained by three sides and angles; three-cornered, three-sided.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. E iv, The bony substaunce [of the nose] hath two trianguler bones wherwith the brydge is reysed vp. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. ix. 22 The frame thereof seemd partly circulare, And part triangulare. 1644Evelyn Diary 3 Feb., A triangular brick building. 1776Withering Brit. Plants (1796) II. 375 Populus... Leaves nearly triangular, toothed and angular. 1825Scott Talism. i, His triangular shield suspended round his neck.
b. Situated at the angular points of a triangle. (In quots. quasi-adv.) ? Obs.
1622Drayton Poly-olb. xxii. 1152 Three..hils that stand Trianguler. 1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 74, 3 or 4 quarter Stakes set triangular or quadrangular.
c. Having three edges, as a prism or pyramid; three-edged, trihedral, triquetrous.
1644Digby Nat. Bodies xxix. §1. 257 Those..cunning in Optikes..by refractions..make all sortes of colours out of pure light: as we see..in..triangular glasses, or prismes. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 384 Other strange Fish we had..some were globous, others triangular. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v. Pyramid, The pyramid is said to be triangular, quadrangular, &c. as the base is triangular, quadrangular, &c. 1807Hutton Course Math. II. 262 To find the Number of Balls in a Triangular Pile. 1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. vi, The small, sharp, triangular beech-nuts lay scattered thickly on the ground. 1873E. Spon Workshop Receipts Ser. i. 330/2 Triangular glovers' needles for sewing up skins.
d. Contained by triangles, as a solid figure; of which the faces are triangles. rare.
1805–17R. Jameson Char. Min. (ed. 3) 144 Triangular Dodecahedron..consists of two six-sided pyramids, joined base to base.
2. a. Pertaining or relating to a triangle: as triangular compasses, a kind of compasses with three legs, used for taking off triangles; triangular co-ordinates (Geom.), a kind of trilinear co-ordinates. triangular quadrant: see quot. 1706.
1701Moxon Math. Instr. 21 Triangular Compasses, containing 3 Legs or Feet, to take off at once any Triangle used on Maps, Globes, etc. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Triangular Quadrant, is a Sector with a loose Piece to make it an Equilateral Triangle; having the Calendar graduated on it, with the Sun's Place, Declination, &c. It is an Instrument of great Use in the Arts of Dialling, Navigation, and Surveying. 1807T. Young Lect. Nat. Philos., etc. I. x. 102 Triangular compasses are sometimes used for laying down a triangle equal to a given triangle.
b. Arith. triangular numbers (also ellipt. as n. pl. triangulars), the first series of polygonal numbers (1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, etc.), obtained by continued summation of the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc.: see quot. 1837.
1706W. Jones Syn. Palmar. Matheseos 165 In a Rank of Triangulars their Sums are called Triangulars or Figurates of the 3d Order. 1796Hutton Math. Dict. I. 468/2 The triangular numbers 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, &c. 1806― Course Math. (1810) I. 214 The sides or faces in either the triangular or square piles, are called arithmetical triangles; and the numbers..in these, are called triangular numbers. 1837Babbage Bridgew. Treat. 37 They are called triangular numbers because a number of points corresponding to any term can always be placed in the form of a triangle.
3. fig. Relating to or taking place between three persons or parties, three-sided; also, constituting a triad or set of three, threefold, triple; spec. with reference to the ‘eternal triangle’ (see triangle n. 1 c).
1812Jefferson Writ. (1830) IV. 175 The triangular war must be an idea of the Anglomen and malcontents. 1816T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall xv, Avarice, luxury, and disease constitute the triangular harmony of the life of man. 1871W. White Jrnls. (1898) 244 We had an interesting triangular talk. 1880Hardy Fellow-Townsmen in New Q. Mag. Apr. 357 The triangular situation—himself—his wife—Lucy Savile—was the one clear thing. 1908Times 9 July 15/5 [The Australians] were unable to take part in the suggested triangular contest in this country next year. a1914Mod. In these elections there will be several triangular contests. 1914W. L. George Dramatic Actualities 39 The difficulties of matrimony, triangular or other, financial or monetary entanglements. 1968S. Hynes Edwardian Turn of Mind vi. 181 The hero [is] involved in a triangular situation that Shaw took from his own amatory experience. 1976Southern Even. Echo (Southampton) 13 Nov. 13/7 The Mid-Hants (Southampton) girls' netball teams had a successful time in a triangular tournament against Derbyshire and Berkshire at Reading. 1977Gay News 24 Mar. 24/4 Husband, wife and female lodger involved in a triangular relationship.
4. Comb.:
a. parasynthetic, as triangular-bodied, triangular-headed, triangular-leaved, triangular-pointed, triangular-spotted; also triangular-wise adv.b. Bot. in combination with other adjs. of form, as triangular-cordate, triangular-crenate, triangular-dentate, triangular-hastate, triangular-ovate, triangular-rhomboid, triangular-subulate.
c. triangular trade, a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another; spec. (Hist.) in the slave trade (see quots.).
1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) I. 189 Placing another Row at the Ends where the forked Sticks meet Triangular-wise. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Aloe, The upright triangular-leav'd viscous Aloe. 1768Parsons in Phil. Trans. LVIII. 194 The triangular-headed Cameleons. 1804Shaw Gen. Zool. V. 420 Triangular-bodied, unarmed Trunk-Fish. 1823–5Sir J. E. Smith Eng. Flora (1828) II. 9 Mercury Goose⁓foot. Leaves triangular-arrow-shaped, entire. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 264 Scrophularia nodosa..leaves ovate or triangular-cordate. 1887W. Phillips Brit. Discomycetes 99 Margin triangular-dentate. 1934C. M. MacInnes England & Slavery iii. 39 After the Restoration a great triangular trade developed between England, the West Coast of Africa and the West Indies or the continental colonies. 1948T. S. Ashton Industrial Revolution 1760–1830 ii. 47 Cloth, firearms, hardware, and trinkets were sent to Africa and exchanged for slaves, who were shipped to the West Indies to pay for the luxuries and raw material which constituted the final cargo in this disreputable, triangular trade. 1971C. & D. Plimmer Damn'd Master ii. 26 With the profits from the sale of the slaves in the West Indies they bought sugar..which, back in Europe, they sold for a second profit with which in turn they bought more goods... This became known as the triangular trade. |