| 释义 |
surgical, a. (n.)|ˈsɜːdʒɪkəl|
[Alteration of chirurgical after surgeon, surgery. Cf. med.L. surgicus.]
1. a. Pertaining to, dealing with, or employed in surgery or the surgeon's art.
1770Cook Voy. round World ii. ix. (1773) 461 The vulnerary herbs and surgical art of the country. 1800Med. Jrnl. IV. 280 A Course of Lectures on Select Surgical Cases in the Hospital. c1800Syd. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) I. 15 ‘It requires’, he used to say, ‘a surgical operation to get a joke well into a Scotch understanding.’ 1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 911 Surgical scissors are of many forms. 1884Thompson Tumours of Bladder 39 The dusty pages of old surgical writers. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 585 The drainage..of the tympano-antral cavities by a surgical opening into the antrum.
b. Path. Resulting from surgical treatment.
1859Simpson in Nat. Encycl. I. 150 Not unfrequently followed by Surgical fever. 1890Billings Nat. Med. Dict., S[urgical] kidney, diseased kidney, resulting from..operations on the genito-urinary tract.
c. Of garments: worn to cure, correct, or relieve an illness or deformity.
1896Woman's Life 10 Oct. 200/2 (Advt.), Surgical hosiery, belts, etc. 1910Bradshaw's Railway Guide May (Advt. facing p. xv), Bailey's surgical hose. 1955W. Gaddis Recognitions i. i. 24 Her mother..done in by a surgical belt salesman from New York. 1974D. Ramsay No Cause to Kill i. 7 Painfully swollen legs encased in surgical stockings.
d. fig. or in fig. contexts.
1939C. Isherwood Goodbye to Berlin 68 The afternoon he came to say good-bye there was a positively surgical atmosphere in the flat. 1962Listener 8 Mar. 400/2 Purchase tax—deliberately uneven and at times deliberately surgical in its effect.
e. Designating swift and precise military attack, esp. from the air. orig. U.S.
1965T. C. Sorensen Kennedy xxiv. 684 The idea of..a so-called ‘surgical’ strike..had appeal to almost everyone first considering the matter, including President Kennedy. 1971Harper's Mag. Nov. 55 Even the language of the bureaucracy—the diminutive ‘nukes’ for instruments that kill and mutilate millions of human beings, the ‘surgical strike’ for chasing and mowing down peasants from the air by spraying them with 8,000 bullets a minute—takes the mystery, awe, and pain out of violence. 1974E. Newman Strictly Speaking ii. 63 The war in Indochina produced a host of terms that media folks accepted at their peril: protective reaction strike, surgical bombing, free-fire zone. 1978Guardian Weekly 5 Mar. 9/3 Moscow might be ready to undertake a surgical strike to take out China's nuclear installations.
2. ellipt. as n. A surgical case or ward; † a surgical operation. colloq.
1828W. Sewall Diary 1 July (1930) 121/2 Sat off for home, accompanied by Reed's son, for the purpose of having a surgical on his foot. 1961[see knife n. 1 f]. 1976C. Storr Unnatural Fathers i. 11 I'm awfully muddled, the way surgicals and medicals are mixed up here.
Hence ˈsurgically adv., by the application of, or in relation to, surgical treatment; also fig.
1805J. Taylor Let. 25 Jan. in Minutes of Evidence 200 in Parl. Papers 1809 II. 1, The lad was brought to Dublin..and was surgically rejected and dismissed before I received the letter. 1879St. George's Hosp. Rep. IX. 96 The patient..was treated surgically for a left inguinal hernia. 1880Barwell Aneurism 32 All these forms of disease are surgically somewhat peculiar. 1965Economist 18 Sept. 1074/2 More surgically still, General de Gaulle calls for an ‘interpretation’ of the common market treaty which in fact violates it. |