| 释义 |
forfeiture|ˈfɔːfɪtjʊ(r)|
Forms: see forfeit.
[a. OF. forfeture, forfaiture, f. forfait forfeit n.]
†1. Transgression or violation of a law; crime, sin; spec. in Law. Obs.
c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 348 Hereof schulden men not fayle wiþouten greet forfeture. 1414Brampton Penit. Ps. lxxiii. (Percy Soc.) 28 Whan I do ony forfeture, A contrite heart I offere to the. 1628Coke On Litt. 59 To do a thing against or without Law or Custome, and that legally is called a forfeiture.
†b. In weaker sense: A breach of rules. Obs.
1576Turberv. Venerie 134 If..he touch the shoulder..with any other thing than his knyfe..it is a forfayture.
†c. forfeiture of marriage: (see quot.). Obs.
1607Cowell Interpr., Forfeiture of mariage, is a writ lying against him, who houlding by knights seruice, and being vnder age and vnmaried, refuseth her, whome the Lord offereth him..and marieth another.
2. The fact of losing or becoming liable to deprivation of (an estate, goods, life, an office, right, etc.) in consequence of a crime, offence, or breach of engagement. Const. of, † on.
α13..Coer de L. 257 Forfeyture on lyff and londe. 1389in Eng. Gilds (1870) 76 No brother..shalle discuse þe counseil of þis fraternite to no straungere, vp þe payne of forfeture of þe fraternite. 1467Ibid. 384 Vppon peyne of forfetor of xls. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 58 §1 Actes of atteyndre and forfeiture made in the seid parliament. 1523Fitzherb. Surv. 13 b, That there may be made due proues without fauoure.. on payne of forfeyture of his offyce. 1614Selden Titles Hon. 31 Henrie iv., possessing it by the forfeiture of the Lord Scrop. 1741Chambers Cycl. s.v., Full Forfeiture..is a forfeiture of life and member, and all else that a man has. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. 267 Forfeiture is a punishment annexed by law to some illegal act, or negligence, in the owner of lands, tenements, or hereditaments; whereby he loses all his interest therein. 1864Bp. of Lincoln Charge 6 The minimum which will satisfy the inspector, and save the forfeiture of the grant. 1868E. Edwards Raleigh I. vi. 94 The large forfeitures which followed the suppression of the rebellion of the Desmonds.
β1542Sc. Acts Mary (1814) II. 416/2 The said sentence of forfaltoure was gevine vpoune þe fift day of þe samin moneth. 1609Skene Reg. Maj., Treatise 132 The paine of treason is tynsell, and forefaltour of life, lands, gudes, and geir. 1755R. Keith Catal. Scot. Bps. (1824) 178 The same year he is witness to the forefaulture of the Earl of Ross.
transf. and fig.1637–50Row Hist. Kirk (1842) 539 The undoing of my peace, and foirfalture of my Saluation. 1655Stanley Hist. Philos. i. (1701) 27/1 What forfeiture you impose on others, undergo your self. 1713Swift Cadenus & Vanessa Wks. 1755 III. ii. 28 He has a forfeiture incurr'd. a1853Robertson Serm. Ser. iii. viii. (1863) VI. 110 A proud remorse does not forgive itself the forfeiture of its own dignity.
†b. The penalty of the transgression; punishment for an offence. Obs.
1390Gower Conf. II. 268 This shall be thy forfeiture; With that she both his sones slough Before his eye. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 221 Much less that durst upon his own head draw The deadly forfeiture, and ransom set.
3. concr. That which is forfeited; a pecuniary penalty, a fine. ? Obs.
α1399Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 412 Alle his ffynys..ne fforffeyturis ffele..myȝte not areche to paie the pore peple. 1483in Eng. Gilds (1870) 336 The same forfetoures to be enployed halfe to the said cite, and the oder halfe to the said ffraternite. 1588Ld. Burghley in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 27 The forfeycture for every publique offence committed without the College to be collected by the bedells. 1607Nottingham Rec. IV. 287 The order for v. li. forfeyture for refusinge to be Chamberlaynes. 1709Addison Tatler No. 116 ⁋7, I pronounced the Petticoat a Forfeiture. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. II. 57 One of the finest breeds [of horses]..was the forfeiture of a rebel. 1818Cobbett Pol. Reg. XXXIII. 712 A forfeiture, part of which went to the informer.
βc1610Sir J. Melvil Mem. (1735) 226 Promising each of his Party a Share of the Forfaulters of the Queen's Lords. 1661Lauderdale in L. Papers (1884) I. 93 Fines and for⁓faultures are wholly at my disposall.
transf. and fig.1602Narcissus (1893) 611 Helpe mee foorth, els I am the rude woods forfeiture. 1754Richardson Grandison II. vii. 105 Extraordinary merit has some forfeitures to pay. 1786Henley tr. Beckford's Vathek (1868) 10 The exaction of these forfeitures [their beards]. |