| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈarchon1
[a. OF. arçon, archon, dim. of arc bow, arch; cf. arson1 and archet.]
A fiddlebow; ? a plectrum.
1480Caxton Ovid's Met. x. iv, He [Phebus] held his archon in hys ryght hande And hys Lyre in hys lyfte honde.
▪ II. archon2|ˈɑːkən|
[a. Gr. ἄρχων ruler, magistrate, pr. pple. of ἄρχ-ειν to rule.]
1. The chief magistrate, and, after the time of Solon, one of the nine chief magistrates of the Athenian republic.
1659Pearson Creed (1839) 104 Their annual archon [ἐπώνυµος], whose name they used in their distinction of years. 1754Phil. Trans. XLVIII. 473 Solon..must have been about 52 the year that he was archon. 1874Mahaffy Soc. Life Greece xii. 361 The chief archon had charge of heiresses and orphans. The king archon tried cases of impiety.
2. A ruler or president generally.
1735–8Bolingbroke Parties viii. (T.) We might establish a doge, a lord Archon, a Regent. 1857Livingstone Trav. xiv. 256 The ancient physicians thought we all possessed an archon, or presiding spirit. 1862Dana Man. Geol. 573 Man..stands alone, the Archon of Mammals.
3. A power subordinate to the Deity, held by some of the Gnostics to have made the world.
1751Chambers Cycl. s.v. Archontici, Certain subordinate powers called archontes or angels. 1868tr. Hippolytus' Ref. Heresies vii. xiii, The great Archon..possesses an empire with limits extending as far as the firmament. |