| 释义 |
African-American, n. and a. orig. U.S.
Brit. |ˌafrɪk(ə)nəˈmɛrɪk(ə)n|, U.S. |ˈˌæfrəkənəˈmɛrəkən|
[‹ African adj. + American n. and adj.]
A. n. An American (esp. a North American) of African origin; a black American. Cf. Afro-American adj. and n. at Afro- comb. form Affix.
Although both African and African-American were widely used in the United States in the 19th century, the adoption of African-American as a preferred term among black Americans dates from the late 1960s and early 1970s (particularly after an April 1972 conference at which Ramona Edelin, president of the National Urban Coalition, proposed its use). The term gained widespread acceptance following its endorsement by the Reverend Jesse Jackson (b. 1941) during his presidential nomination campaign in 1988.
1855T. Parker Trial Theodore Parker 217, I have shown you the aim and purposes of the Slave Power—to make this vast Continent..a House of Bondage for African Americans. 1858W. B. Lawrence Visitation & Search 131 In 1850, the African-American population of the Republic of Liberia..including the Maryland Colony, amounted to only 7,000. 1890Amer. Missionary Dec. 386 The African-American is awakening more rapidly than ever to his needs. 1962Jrnl. Negro Educ. 31 475 African-Americans in the making of America..[included] Crispus Attucks of Boston Massacre fame. 1979Jrnl. Black Stud. 8 437 Belonging or acceptance in Black organizations is of particular importance to African Americans because of their exclusion from many White organizations. 1987Washington Post 16 Aug. d5/4 What made him the target of four years of government infiltration, investigation, persecution and eventual prosecution was his championing the cause of racial independence for African-Americans. 1997Sun (Baltimore) 5 Jan. f1/2 Like thousands of middle-class and middle-class-aspiring African-Americans, I was taught throughout childhood to loathe black English.
B. adj. Designating or relating to African-Americans.
1858W. B. Lawrence Visitation & Search 131 In 1850, the African-American population of the Republic of Liberia..including the Maryland Colony, amounted to only 7,000. 1885Amer. Missionary Apr. 107 The idea that African-American sinners and Saxon-American sinners need a different application of the Gospel to save them is a delusion and a snare. 1925Jrnl. Negro Hist. 10 764 (heading) Letter from J. M. Whitfield, Editor of The African-American Repository, (a colored man). 1969N.Y. Times 5 Jan. 43/3 Albert Vann, president of the African-American Teachers Association..said that the editorial had evoked little response. 1973Jrnl. Negro Hist. 58 117 The organization had voted previously in a mail ballot 2 to 1 to change its name to the African-American Historical Association. 1989Los Angeles Times 14 Feb. vi. 2/2 ‘The Piano Lesson’..tells of an African-American family in 1936 that must decide whether to keep a family piano—in which the faces of their slave ancestors are carved. 2000Oxf. Amer. May–June 9/1 Don't miss the oldest African-American holiday: Juneteenth is celebrated all over the South. |