| 释义 |
▪ I. fixing, vbl. n.|ˈfɪksɪŋ|
[f. as prec. + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the verb fix in various senses. Also with advbs., as fixing out, fixing up; and gerundially with omission of in.
1605Bacon Adv. Learn ii. xxii. §14 The fixing of the good [hours of the mind] hath been practised by two means: vows..and observances or exercises. 1666Earl of Orrery State Papers (1743) I. 251, I find multitudes of arms are fixing amongst the Irish gunsmiths. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) D d, The filling and fixing of the shells. 1792in Picton L'pool. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 267 To superintend the fixing up of the said figure. 1817Keats Lett. Wks. 1889 III. 53 Another reason of my fixing is, that I am more in reach of the places around me. 1883E. C. Rollins New Eng. Bygones 157 For the daughters..table-linen and bedding were to be stored away for their fixing out. 1910Jrnl. R. Hort. Soc. XXXVI. 28 This enables the breeder to dispense entirely with the old and laborious method of so-called ‘fixing’ by continuous selection. 1929C. E. McClung Handbk. Miscroscop. Techn. i. 7 Fixing is the process of preserving, by means of coagulation, the normal structural characters of organs, tissues and cells. 1939Times 10 July 13/1 Gold to the amount of {pstlg}183,000 was dealt in at the fixing. 1965J. L. Hanson Dict. Econ. 202/1 Gold fixing, determining the price of gold on the London Gold Market. Ibid. 264/1 The traditional ‘gold-fixing’ is carried out [at the premises of N. M. Rothschild in London] by representatives of four firms of bullion dealers. 1967Times 18 Mar. 16/5 At the fixing in London the gold price was lowered 1d. to 251s. 51/4d.
b. Photogr. The process of rendering (a negative, etc.) permanent; concr. that which fixes.
1853Family Her. 3 Dec. 510/2 In the next operation, the fixing, it will become much lighter. c1865J. Wylde in Circ. Sc. I. 146/1 Hyposulphite of soda is largely prepared for photographic ‘fixing’. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. III. 65 For the fixing of the image we should recommend the use of a dipping bath.
c. A method or means of fixing. rare.
1660Jer. Taylor Duct. Dubit. ii. ii. I. 360 [The Jewish feasts] were..only..fixings of their thoughts, apt to wander to the Gentile Customes. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. 121 To cut the rock..so as to get a firm fixing for our work.
2. concr.
a. In pl. (orig. U.S.) Apparatus, equipment; trimming of a dress; the adjuncts to any dish, garnishing. Also (Austral. slang), strong liquor (Barrère and Leland 1889). Also transf.
1820–1R. Flower Let. in R. G. Thwaites Early Western Trav. (1904) X. 126 ‘There wife,’ said he, ‘did you ever see such fixings?’ He felt the paper, looked in a mirror.., and gazed with amazement. 1827J. F. Cooper Prairie I. ii. 30 ‘Your fixen seem none of the best for such a calling.’ 1839Marryat Diary Amer. Ser. i. II. 228 White wheat and chicken fixings. 1840Kentucky Rifle (Danville, Ky.) 31 Oct. 110/2 Let every man that can play a fiddle or blow a horn, bring his fixins along and make music. 1842Dickens Amer. Notes (1850) 101/1 Said my opposite neighbour, handing me a dish of potatoes..‘will you try some of these fixings?’ 1847J. S. Robb Streaks of Squatter Life 31 Throw yourself wide on the literary fixins and poetry, for the galls. 1851Mayne Reid Scalp Hunt. ii, Delicious frog ‘fixings’. 1855Browning Men & Women, Bp. Blougram's Apol. 212 Neat ship-shape fixings and contrivances. 1861Lowell Biglow P. Poems 1890 II. 230 We don't make no charge for the ride an' all the other fixins. 1864Bagehot Coll. Works (1965) II. 333 There is a setting of surroundings—as the Americans would say, of fixings—without which the reality is not itself. 1882B. Harte Flip ii, He's.. lost his rod and fixins. 1957N.Z. Timber Jrnl. Mar. 52/1 Fixings, certain items like plugs, pallets, nogs and backings used to fix joinery. 1963Wodehouse Stiff Upper Lip, Jeeves v. 40 She was undeniably an eyeful, being slim, svelte and bountifully equipped with golden hair and all the fixings.
b. = fix n. 2.
1874in Knight Dict. Mech. I. 874/2.
3. attrib. and Comb., as fixing agent, fixing fluid, fixing process, fixing solution (Photogr.); fixing-bath, (a) Photogr., the bath in which a developed negative or positive is plunged in order to fix it; (b) Tanning (see quot.).
1855T. F. Hardwich Man. Photogr. Chem. v. 52 The Iodide and Bromide of Potassium have both been employed as *fixing agents. 1878W. Abney Treat. Photogr. iv. 28 In determining the fixing agent to employ in silver printing. 1919Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. Alm. 248 The fixing agent is hypo. 1936C. J. Wallis Pract. Biol. 6 Immerse the object in several times its own volume of the fixing agent. 1944B. J. Orban Oral Histol. & Embryol. xvi. 326 The length of time necessary for a fixing agent to act upon a tissue varies. 1968C. E. Engel Photogr. for Scientist v. 254 The fixing agent must not affect the silver of the developed image.
1868M. C. Lea Photogr. 35 The negative *fixing-bath consists of a strong solution of hyposulphite of soda. 1885C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather xxxix. 601 [The tanner] prepares a new liquor termed the ‘fixing-bath’, consisting of water sufficient to cover the skins [etc.].
1927H. E. Jordan Text⁓bk. Histol. (ed. 4) xx. 727 An excellent *fixing fluid for general embryologic work.
c1865J. Wylde in Circ. Sc. I. 141/2 The *fixing process is intended to dissolve away that portion of the silver salt which has not been acted on by the light.
1872W. F. Stanley Photogr. 21 The quantity of *fixing solution required will be in proportion to the number of prints to be fixed.
▪ II. ˈfixing, ppl. a.
[+ -ing2.]
That fixes.
(Often difficult to distinguish from the vbl. n. used attrib.: see prec. 3.)
1641French Distill. i. (1651) 10 By the adding of some fixing thing to it [any volatile body]. 1873Hamerton Intell. Life x. x. 387 The gradual fixing power of habit. |