| 释义 |
topograph|ˈtɒpəgrɑːf, -græf|
[f. Gr. τόπ-ος place + -(ό)γραϕος and -γράϕος: see -graph 1.]
1. rare.
a. A representation or description of localities.
b. Name given to a surveying instrument.
c. (See quot. 1911.)
1833Carrington (title) The Topograph, or the bye-ways within 9 miles of Devonport and Plymouth. 1865Athenæum 7 Oct. 472/2 On the Topograph, a New Surveying Instrument, by Capt. Lendy. 1865Reader 7 Oct. 409/2 A useful little instrument, called by the inventor a ‘Topograph’..combines a plane table, prismatic compass, level, and clinometer. 1911Webster, Topograph, a model or draft of a place.
2. Cryst. A photograph taken in such a way, usu. with X-rays, as to exhibit the variation over the surface of a crystal of some physical or structural characteristic.
1944G. N. Ramachandran in Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. A. XIX. 292 Eighteen such ‘topographs’ of cleavage plates of diamond..are reproduced. 1963G. L. Clark Encycl. X-Rays & Gamma Rays 1053/2 Topographs may be taken that show, for example, the distribution of optical absorption or optical fluorescence in a specimen. 1971Physics Bull. Sept. 553/2 X ray topographs..were used by many authors to assess accurately the quality of their crystals. |