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firman
(ˈfɜːmən, ‖ fɛrˈmɑːn)
Forms: α. (7 firma, 8 firhman), 8–9 fermaun, firmaun, 7– firman, 20 farman. β. 7 phirman, 7–9 phirmaund.
[a. Pers. fermān, OPers. *framāna (so in Pehlvi) = Skr. pramāṇa command.]
An edict or order issued by an Oriental sovereign, esp. the Sultan of Turkey; a grant, licence, passport, permit.
1616Sir T. Roe in Purchas Pilgrims (1624) I. iv. xvi. 541 Then I moued him for his fauour for an English Factory to be resident in the Towne, which hee willingly granted, and gaue present order to the Buxy to draw a Firma..for their residence. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 50 But upon sight of his Phirman (or Letter of command) hee agreed willingly. 1704Collect. Voy. (Church.) III. 571/2 Your Majesty's Firman, or Letters Patent. 1710Pitt Let. in Edin. Rev. (1893) 151, I had..a phirmaund under his great seal. 1816Gentl. Mag. LXXXVI. i. 325 A translation of the fermaun itself has since been forwarded by Dr. Hunt. 1863Kinglake Crimea (1877) I. xvii. 369 Having caused the Porte to issue firmans. 1932Times Lit. Suppl. 10 Nov. 842/2 This volume contains photographic reproductions of seventeen farmans granted to the head of the Vallabha sect of Vaishnavas. 1962Economist 13 Jan. 115/1 No such farman or decree has actually been issued by HM the Shah personally.
transf.1835Hood Poetry, Prose, & Worse iv, He bows to the metrical firman, As dulcet as song of the South. 1840Barham Ingol. Leg., St. Odille iii, A German..Paid his court to her father, conceiving his firman Would soon make her bend. |