| 释义 |
▪ I. to-fall, n.|ˈtuːfɔːl|
Also 5 taw-, 5–6 tu-, 6 tuf-, (tul-), toy-, 7–9 too-, 9 two-, tee-, -fa, -fal, -falle.
[f. to prep. + fall v. or n. In sense 2 = MHG. zuoval, Ger. zufall, Du. toeval, LG. tofal.]
1. A supplementary building with its roof sloping up to and leaning on the wall of a main building; a lean-to; a penthouse; a shed. Sc. and north. dial.
c1425Wyntoun Cron. ix. v. 568 Þe north ile and þe quere, Þe tofallis ii. war mad but were. 1435Nottingham Rec. II. 359 A tawfall' yat standes on ye comon ground. c1440Alphabet of Tales 254 Þe kyngis nowte-hard..tuke provand..to his catell, & had it home vnto his tofall at he dwelte in. Ibid. 393 The erle..ffled with his wife in-to a wudd, and þer he hid hym in a tufall. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 7651 Þai made þaim tofalles To duell in vndir þe walles. 1512Nottingham Rec. III. 402 The tofalle that ye chyldern lerne inne. 1518Burgh Rec. Edinb. (1869) I. 178 Na tulfais be biggitt to the said wallis. 1523in Visit. Southwell (Camden) 121 My tuffall of paysen the which standeth over myn oxen. 1642–3in J. Watson Jedburgh Abbey (1894) 86 That ane roofe to-fa-wayis may theik vnder the eising of the body of the kirk. a1670Spalding Troub. Chas. I (1851) II. 154 He tirrit the too-fallis of the haill office houssis..and careit rooff and sklait away. 1825Brockett N.C. Words, Toofall, Twofall, or Teefall,..often pronounced Touffa. 1844Stephens Bk. Farm II. 12 Piling them against a high wall, and thatching them like a to-fall. 1887D. H. Fleming Tourist's Hand-bk. St. Andrews 31 The slight raggle..marks the height of some to-fall.
b. fig. (a) A dependant. (b) A shelter.
1822Ainslie Land of Burns 209 He was a sort o' toofa' upon their kindness. 1871Waddell Ps. xviii. 2 The Lord my rock, my hainin-towir, an' my to-fa'.
†2. That which befalls or falls to any one; a chance, accident, casualty: cf. fall v. 46. Obs.
1562Turner Baths 17 These that are rytche..may haue other remedies inough agaynst the forenamed tofalles. 1572J. Jones Bathes of Bath iii. 22 Accident is that, which the Greekes call Symptoma, and wee properly in English, to fall and with fall.
3. The act of falling to; to-fall of the day or night, the close of day or beginning of night. Sc.
1749Collins Ode Superstit. Highl. 123 For him in vain at to-fall of the day, His babes shall linger. a1754W. Hamilton Braes of Yarrow xx, But ere the toofall of the night He lay a corps on the Braes of Yarrow. 1831J. Wilson Unimore x. 165 Who only waits the to-fall of the night To wake the jocund sound of dance and song.
▪ II. † to-ˈfall, v. Obs.
[OE. tofeallan, f. to-2 + feallan to fall; = OS. te-fallan, OHG, zi-, zar-fallan.]
intr. To fall asunder or to pieces; to fall down, collapse; also, to fall to decay.
c893K. ælfred Oros. vi. ii. §2 Þa hie æt hiora theatrum wæron.., þa hit eall tofeoll, & heora ofsloᵹ xx M. 1056–66Inscr. Kirkdale Ch. Yorks., Hit wes æl tobrocan & tofalan. c1205Lay. 18867 Scullen stan walles Biuoren him to-fallen. a1300Signa ante Judicium 139 in E.E.P. (1862) 11 As heuen and erþe sold to-fal. c1380Sir Ferumb. 5011 Þe walle þat was so broken & to-falle. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvi. lxxiv. (Bodl. MS.), Ȝif it [a stone] is not fattye it wolle alle to fall bi maistrye of druynes. |