| 释义 |
fibril|ˈfaɪbrɪl|
[ad. mod.L. fibrilla: see next. Cf. Fr. fibrille.]
A small fibre.
1. a. Phys. The subdivision of a fibre (see fibre 2 a) in a nerve, muscle, etc., and in vegetable fibres and man-made fibres.
1681tr. Willis' Rem. Med. Wks. Vocab., Fibrils, little small strings of fibres, or of the nerves or veins. 1713Cheselden Anat. iii. xv. (1726) 247 The nervous fibrils probably do not communicate. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. II. xvii. 286 The corresponding fibrils of the two retinas. 1805Carlisle in Phil. Trans. XCVI. 8 Three large superficial nerves..give off fibrils at right angles. 1855H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (1872) I. i. iii. 53 An extremely delicate fibril less than 1/100 of an inch in length.
b. Any thread-like molecular formation such as occurs in some colloidal systems and proteins.
1931S. S. Kistler in Colloid Symposium Monograph 63 The greater strength of the gel after it has been converted to an aerogel is doubtless due to dehydration of the fibrils. 1944Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXVI. 663/1 Electron micrographs of this material [sc. insulin hydro⁓chloride] reveal the presence of uniform fibrils several microns in length, having uniform widths of approximately 200 A (an asymmetry well above 100). 1944E. Heuser Chem. Cellulose ii. 16 Seifriz and Hock separated wood pulp fibers into fibrils, 1·4 µ thick. 1948Schmidt & Marlies Princ. High-Polymer Theory & Pract. xi. 468 Rayons having a high order of crystallite orientation separate into fibrils under the action of appropriate chemical agents. 1959[see fibrillar a.]. 1968A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 4) xxxviii. 874 Hydrogen and electrostatic bonds are responsible for the end-to-end alignment which results in fibrils many times longer than the tropocollagen molecule.
2. Bot. The ultimate subdivision of a root.
1664Evelyn Sylva (1776) 51 Theophrastus gives us great caution..to preserve the roots and especially the earth adhering to the smallest Fibrils. 1835Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) I. 237 The minute subdivisions [of the root] have been..called radicles..others name them fibrils. 1860Oliver Less. Bot. (1873) 11 A Root..gives off fibrils irregularly.
3. Something resembling a small fibre.
1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. iii. xx, Her dark hair curling in fresh fibrils as it gradually dried. |