| 释义 |
‖ tibia|ˈtɪbɪə|
Pl. -æ |-iː|.
[L. tībia shin-bone, a pipe or flute.]
1. Anat. and Zool. The inner and usually larger of the two bones (tibia and fibula) of the lower leg, from the knee to the ankle; the shin-bone.
In birds the tibia is fused with some of the bones of the tarsus, forming that more strictly called tibiotarsus.
1726–41Monro Anat. (ed. 3) 282 The superior Extremity of the Tibia is large. 1791W. Bartram Carolina 505 A kind of flute, made of..the tibia of the deer's leg. 1845Todd & Bowman Phys. Anat. I. 100 The tibia is convex forwards and outwards. 1872Mivart Elem. Anat. 183 The tibia, or shin-bone, is..an elongated bone, more so than any other..except the femur.
b. Applied also to the corresponding part of the leg itself; now esp. to the tibiotarsus of birds.
[1693tr. Blancard's Phys. Dict. (ed. 2), Tibia, the Leg, the part betwixt the Knee and the Ancle. [So 1704 J. Harris Lex. Techn. I.] ]1826Stephens in Shaw Gen. Zool. XIII. 214 These birds differ..in having..the tibiæ divested of feathers. 1869Gillmore tr. Figuier's Rept. & Birds iv. 339 Woodcocks differ from Snipes in having..the tibiæ feathered at the joint.
c. Entom. The fourth of the five joints of the leg of an insect, that between the femur and the tarsus.
1815Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1828) I. xv. 488 A pincer formed by the posterior metatarsus and tibia. 1868Duncan tr. Figuier's Insect W. Introd. 8 When about to jump they bring the tibia into contact with the thigh. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 499 The thoracic limbs [in Insecta] consist typically of a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus... The tibia is often armed with spines or calcaria.
2. Antiq. An ancient (single or double) flute or flageolet.
1705Addison Italy 322 The same Variety of Strings may be observ'd on their Harps, and of Stops on their Tibiæ. 1834Lytton Pompeii i. ii, I paid a visit to Pliny; he was sitting in his summer-house writing while an unfortunate slave played on the tibia. |