| 释义 |
extant, a. and n.|ˈɛkstənt, ɛkˈstænt|
Forms: 6 extaunt, (7 extent), 7–8 exstant, 5– extant.
[ad. L. ex(s)tant-em, pr. pple. of ex(s)tāre to stand forth, be prominent, be visible, exist, f. ex- out + stāre to stand. Cf. Fr. extant.]
A. adj.
1. Standing out or above any surface; projecting, protruding, protuberant. arch.
1545T. Raynalde Byrth Mankynd 110 After that the parte extante or the knot of the nauyll is fallen, etc. 1660Jer. Taylor Duct. Dubit. ii. ii. rule vi. §30 An image..contains..all sorts of representations, flat or extant. 1669Boyle Contn. New Exp. i. (1682) 166 The Plug was extant above the orifice of the vessel. 1766Entick London IV. 205 In St. Paul's it is extant out of the wall. 1791Cowper Iliad iv. 174 Neck and barb observing from the flesh Extant. 1814Cary Dante xii. 116. 1841 Borrow Zincali (1843) I. i. vii. 126 Its naked body half extant from the coarse blanket.
2. Standing forth to view; in early use, with phrase extant to the sight, extant to be seen: prominent, conspicuous, manifest. Now arch. rare.
1557Order of Hospitalls F v The same booke is ordered, extant to be seene. 1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 155 There are yet extant to the eie, the ruined walles of an auncient fortification. 1627F. E. Hist. Edw. II (1680) 21 Old Quarrels are ript up, to make his spleen more extant. 1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. iii. 95. 1863 Kinglake Crimea (1877) IV. xii. 278 The truth should be visibly extant.
†3. Existing so as to be publicly seen, found, or got at; accessible, get-at-able. Obs.
1555Lydgate's Chron. Troy To Rdr., Whose bokes..were not of long extant, yet at the last beyng found at Athenes, have [etc]. 1638Penkethman Artach. C iv, He..may with the assistance of the Constable seise all the Bread extant at the Bakers house.
4. In existence; existing. † Of time: Present. arch. † Of a fashion, etc.: In vogue, current.
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. i. 18 b, Among so manifold miserable afflictions of the Jewes..they [the tables of God's covenant] remained still safe and extant. 1581Lambarde Eiren. ii. v. (1588) 191 Other matters not extant in the booke of the Termes. 1590Swinburn Testaments 280 The alienation made before the condition were extant or accomplished. a1593H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 106 Look how many heresies are extant in the church. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. iv. v. 168 In this extant moment. 1618Wither Motto, ‘Nec Curo’ (1633) 545 The fashions that last extant be. 1630Prynne Anti-Armin. 126 There is not an Arminian, a Pelagian this day extant. 1709Steele & Swift Tatler No. 66 ⁋1 The most proper Form of Words that were ever extant in any..Language. 1822Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life II. vii. 152 If routes and reviews had been extant in Shakespeare's time. 1835I. Taylor Spir. Despot. v. 229 A religious community..everywhere extant. 1849Stovel Canne's Necess. Introd. 10 Cromwell, Vane, and their companions were extant.
b. Continuing to exist; that has escaped the ravages of time, still existing.
1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 462 b, In the same Church is extaunt the Altar whereupon he prayd. 1610A. Cooke Pope Joan in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) IV. 57, I say, there are few of his works extant; and in those which are extant, he shews no gall against the popes. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 191 She leapes into..fire, which leaves nothing extant save fame and ashes. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1745–6, None of his letters during those years are extant. 1848Lytton Harold i. iv, The Roman temple, extant in the time of Geoffry of Monmouth. 1864Bowen Logic xii. 384 These fossils do not differ more from the extant types. 1874Green Short Hist. i. 7 The only extant British account is that of the monk Gildas.
†B. n.
a. An extant copy (cf. extat).
b. pl. Remains. Obs.
1592tr. Julius on Rev. xi. 7 There is an extant of that matter written by the same Boniface. a1659Cleveland Poor Cavalier 40 Now Peace be with thy Dust..For the next motion to a Calm..Will thy poor Extants into peices tear. |