| 释义 |
▪ I. thigh, n.|θaɪ|
Forms: see below.
[OE. þíoh, þéoh, Anglian þéh = OFris. thiach, neuter, OLG. *thioh, ODu. thio (MDu. dië, diege, dieghe, dijge, Du. dij), ON. þjó, OHG. dioh (MHG. diech):—OTeut. *þeuh-om, from Indo-Eur. ablaut-series *teuk-, tauk-, tuk-; cf. Lith. taukas, OSlav. tukŭ, Russ. tuku fat of animals, Lith. tukti to become fat. The regular representative of OE. þéoh was ME. þeh, þeȝ, þee, which still remains as thee in Sc. and north. dialect; but in the 12–13th c. þeȝ became narrowed to þiȝ, thigh (as heȝ, neȝ, deȝen became hiȝ, niȝ, diȝen, high, nigh, die).]
1. The upper part of the leg, from the hip to the knee (in man).
(α) 1 théoh, þéoh, þíoh (ðeeoh, þyoh), Angl. thegh, 1–3 þeh, þeo, 3 þeȝ, 3–5 þe, 4–5 þee, thegh, 4–6 they, the, 5 þeie, theȝe, theiȝe; 4–7 (Sc. and north. –9) thee. Pl. 1 þéoh, 2–3 þeȝ, 2– þeos, etc.
c725Corpus Gloss. (O.E.T.) 556 Coxa, thegh. a800Erfurt Gloss. 295 Theoh. c893K. ælfred Oros. i. vii. §1 Hy crupon þæm mannum betuh þa þeoh. c897― Gregory's Past. C. lvi. 433 Be his ðio. a900O.E. Martyrol. 130 Wund on oðrum þeo. c1000Lorica Gl. in Sax. Leechd. I. Pref. 70 Ðeeoh, bathma. Ibid. 74 Ðyoh. Ibid. I. 78 ᵹif men his ðeoh acen. c1200Ormin 8079 Fet & þeos Tobollenn. c1250Hymn to God 24 in Trin. Coll. Hom. 258 Bind him honden, fet, & þeȝ. c1275Lay. 30581 He cutte his owe þeh. a1300Havelok 1903 He broken shankes, he broken thes. a1300Cursor M. 3941 Þe maister sinu of his the. a1340Hampole Ps. xliv. 4 With þi swerd abouen þi thee. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxviii. (Margaret) 430 Vpwart til his theis. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 177 Woundid in the thegh. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 1525 In his the þar was a byle. c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 750/28 Hoc femur, a they. 1513Douglas æneis ii. viii. [vii.] 56 Ane Gregioun swerd doun by his thee. 1685Lintoun Green (1817) 168 The miller..stands Wi' his untheeked thees. a1869C. Spence Fr. Braes of Carse (1898) 71, I wade the ditches to the thees.
(β) 2–3 þih, 2–4 þi, þy, 4–5 þiȝ, þiȝe, þigh(e, þyghe, þyhe, thyȝe, 4–6 þie, þye, thie, 5–6 thy, thyghe, 5–7 thye, 6 thighe, Sc. thich, 6– thigh. Pl. 2–3 þih; 3–6 þyes, etc.; 6– thighs.
11..Fragm. ælfric's Gram. (1838) 2 Femur vel coxa, þih. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 211 Þih and shonkes and fet. c1275Passion Our Lord 490 in O.E. Misc. 51 Þat heore þyes beon to-broken. 13..Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS. xxv. 337 Þi boþe þhiȝes. c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 143 Þe knyȝtis broken not Cristis þies. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 425 As hit were a manis þyghe. Ibid. II. 203 Somme haueþ þighes with oute hammes. a1400R. Gloucester's Chron. 4921 + 110 (Harl. MS.) A gret pece of ys owe þy [v. rr. þiȝ, þiȝe, thyȝe, þye] he kerf out wyþ a knyf. 1484Caxton Fables of Avian xiii, He..hytte hym on the thye. c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 903 The thighe, la cuisse. 1545T. Scalon Treat. Astron. (MS. Ashm. 391), Mars the hed, Sol the thyg[h]es or hamme. a1584Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 114 By his naked thyis. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. v. 20 The wicked steele stayd not till it did light In his left thigh. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. viii. (S.T.S.) 125 His thich bane is brokne. 1615Chapman Odyss. xviii. 105 Through his thin Garment, what a Thigh he showes. 1865Kingsley Herew. x, Hereward..owned..no mistress save the sword on his thigh.
†b. The part of a garment covering the thigh.
1533Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. VI. 184 To draw the theis of the saidis gray hois. 1550Ibid. IX. 405 Theis of hose.
2. In lower vertebrate animals, The part of the hind leg which is homologous with the human thigh, or which is popularly regarded as corresponding to it in position or shape; in certain quadrupeds, as the horse, applied to the tibia; in birds to the tarsus; hence in insects, etc., the third section of the leg.
a1300Thrush & Night. 68 in Hazl. E.P.P. I. 53 Fowel, me thinketh thou art les, They thou be milde and softe of thes. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) V. 355 Liche to mares wiþ white legges up to þe þiȝes. c1440Promp. Parv. 490/2 Thy, lymme of a beeste, femur. 1604Drayton Owle 121 Each Bee with Honey on her laden thye. 1737Ochtertyre House Bks. (1907) 66 For a thigh of beefe for the hawks {pstlg}0. 1. 1. 1834McMurtrie Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 374 The posterior thighs are strongly inflated in one of the sexes, where the antennæ are usually long and smaller at the extremity. 1866B. W. Hawkins Anat. Horse 23 The bones of the leg (‘thigh’ of horsemen) are the tibia and fibula.
3. transf. e.g. the stem of a plant, the lower trunk of a tree, the lower slopes of a mountain.
c1440Pallad. on Husb. iii. 255 About his thegh let no thyng growyng be, But if hit axe to be reuocate. 1758Phil. Trans. L. 632 Ribs, like what we call the thighs of certain trees. 1889C. Edwardes Sardinia 232 The burly thighs of [mount] Gennargentu as an impenetrable barrier between us and the south.
4. attrib. and Comb., as thigh-ache, thigh-joint, thigh-muscle, thigh-percussion-sound, thigh-socket, thigh-wound; thigh-slapping; thigh-born, thigh-deep, thigh-fraughted, thigh-high, thigh-long, adjs.; † thigh-belly-less a., having neither thighs nor belly (nonce-wd.); thigh-boot, a boot with uppers reaching to the thigh; thigh-hole, † (a) the groin (obs.); (b) a hole for the thigh in bathing-drawers or the like; thigh-length a., (of a garment, boot, etc.) extending down or up to the thigh; thigh lift, a dance movement or gymnastic exercise in which the thigh is raised; the lifting of the thigh in this; thigh-piece († the-pess), a piece of armour for the thigh; thigh roll, a roll of padding on a saddle, designed to prevent the girths from slipping backwards and to support the rider's legs in jumping and dressage; thigh-slapper colloq., an exceptionally funny joke, description, or the like; thigh-tongue: see quot.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 6 Læcedomas wiþ *þeohece. 1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 655 Thighache, anoint with sheepes doung and vinegar often.
a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Shadow Judgm. Wks. (1711) 34 *Thigh-bellyless, most gastly to the sight.
1840Dickens Barn. Rudge lxiv, Great *thigh-boots smoked hot with grease and blood.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Triumphall Verses Wks. iii. 122/2 His braine-bred Daughter, and his *thigh-borne Sonne. 1655tr. Com. Hist. Francion v. 7 Bacchus the thigh-born Infant.
1851Mayne Reid Scalp Hunt. xli, We fought *thigh-deep in the gathering flood.
1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 87 When the *thigh-fraughted Bee gathered her thyme.
1893Scribner's Mag. June 734/1 Bamboo grass, *thigh-high.
c1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 11 Þe armeholes, þe *þeholes, þe chawellez, &c.
1895*Thigh-length [see knee-length s.v. knee n. 13]. 1979S. Smith Survivor xvii. 177, I wore a thigh-length Indian-print chemise.
1949Shurr & Yocom Mod. Dance v. 113 Do not allow body to tip forward on *thigh lift. c1973J. Cholerton Acrobatic Section Syllabus (Assoc. Amer. Dancing) (ed. 6) 2 Thigh Lifts.—sit: legs straight in front—hands on the floor behind, lean slightly back.
1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 191 The knee-jerk is uniformly absent when the *thigh-muscles are paralysed.
1853Markham Skoda's Auscult. 10 The completely empty percussion-sound—the *thigh-percussion-sound—heard at any yielding part of the walls of the thorax, or the abdomen.
c1470Henry Wallace viii. 265 On the *the pess a felloun strak him gaiff. 1828Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) I. 322 Arm-plates, thigh-pieces, greaves for the legs.
1963E. H. Edwards Saddlery xiv. 101 The Continental panel is similar, but with..the addition of a *thigh roll at the rear... The thigh roll is rarely evident to the rider unless it is very heavily stuffed, and its real use is to prevent the girth straps moving back off the flap. 1976Horse & Hound 3 Dec. 31 (Advt.), Colombo the unique jumping saddle... The exterior thigh roll is an unusual but effective feature.
1965Wall St. Jrnl. 13 Sept. 14/4 The *thigh-slapper..the President got off to reporters when Lynda Bird showed up in a billowy muu-muu dress.
1932V. Woolf Common Reader 2nd Ser. 216 [Meredith] overdoes the pith and the sap; the fist-shaking and the *thigh-slapping. 1979Dance Mag. Feb. 32/3 ‘Lovesick Blues’ unexpectedly serves as the up-beat, thigh-slapping finale.
1812A. Plumtre Lichtenstein's S. Afr. I. 97 The great muscle of the thigh [of the eland] smoked... These..from the resemblance they then bear to bullocks' tongues, are called *thigh tongues.
▪ II. † thigh, v. Obs.|θaɪ|
[f. thigh n.]
1. trans. To carve (a small bird): see quots.
c1470in Hors, Shepe, & G. etc. (Caxton 1479 Roxb. repr.) 33 Alle smale birdes thyed. 1508Bk. Keruing A j, in Babees Bk. 265 Thye that pegyon..thye that wodcocke, thye all maner of small byrdes. 1675H. Woolley Gentlewom. Comp. 113 In cutting up all manner of small Birds, it is proper to say, Thigh them. 1796H. Glasse Cookery xxvi. 382 So you thigh curlews, plover, or snipe.
2. intr. To cower down, squat. rare—0.
1611Florio, Accosciare, to thigh, to coure down [1598 to ioyne thighes]. |