| 释义 |
adviser|ædˈvaɪzə(r)|
Also advisor [-or].
[f. advise + -er1.
Adviser remains the usual spelling, but advisor is freq. used (esp. U.S.) in the titles of persons whose function it is to give advice.]
1. a. One who advises or counsels. Also with qualifying word, as legal adviser, tax adviser, etc.
1611Florio, Avisatore, an aduiser, an advertiser. 1651Hobbes Gov. & Soc. xiv. §i. 210 When obedience is yielded to the Lawes, not for the thing it self, but by reason of the advisers will, the Law is not a Counsell, but a Command. 1741Middleton Cicero (1742) II. vii. 266, I..who from the very first have always been the adviser of peace. 1863Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. v. 29 The advisers of the Crown have taken upon themselves the responsibility. 1899Advisor Feb. 8 Such a paper as The Advisor will be a great help to any advertisor. 1919W. J. Mailhoit (title) Mailhoit's modern advisor to grocers. 1922Joyce Ulysses 302 It was explained by his legal adviser Avvocato Pagamimi that the various articles secreted in his thirty-two pockets [etc.]. 1934Amer. Speech IX. 318/1 Following the advent and acceptance in this country of advisors, newspapers now occasionally mention debators. 1952R. Finlayson Schooner came to Atia i. 8 Timi..skilfully combined the duties of secretary,..chauffeur, advisor on inside island politics, and trusted confidant. 1954Amer. Speech XXIX. 236 To call an employee..by the undemocratic ‘epithet’ subordinate..goes against the American grain. The euphemistic terms usually substituted are advisor (sometimes called adviser), aide, assistant... Advisor is the term employed in the higher levels of bureaucracy, especially by the President. 1964Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 22 Apr. (1970) 116 Next was a meeting with Bois Jeuilett Jones (our friend and advisor from NEW). 1971D. Bagley Freedom Trap iii. 64 It is natural that he have an advisor to handle the investment of these funds. 1980G. Greene Dr. Fischer i. 10 Among the Toads was..a tax adviser, Monsieur Belmont.
b. Chiefly U.S. At some universities, a senior member assigned individually to advise students on personal, academic, or other matters. Cf. moral tutor s.v. moral a. 3 d.
1887Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Sept. 453 One great power of appeal..playing between teachers and students [at Harvard] is exercised through the ‘advisers’. Each matriculate is expected to designate one of his professors whom he will consider his adviser while at the university. The professor is to be consulted by the student as a personal friend and guide. 1914V. L. Collins Princeton 376 Each [first-year student] has an ‘adviser’ among the younger members of the faculty to whom he is encouraged to go with all or any of his perplexities. 1936Mencken Amer. Lang. (ed. 4) 242 Most English universities have deans of faculties much like our own, and some of them have lately laid in deans of women, and even advisers to women students. 1963F. F. Laidler Gloss. Terms Home Econ. Educ. 8 Adviser. (1) Counsellor on subjects relating to Home Economics (Canada). (2) One who advises the student or pupil on courses or careers (New Zealand). 1965A. Lurie Nowhere City (1966) i. 4 What was he supposed to do when, in April, his adviser and protector at Harvard had disappeared into Washington?
c. (with capital initial.) An agent or representative of the British government employed as a resident adviser by a Malay sultanate. Hist.
British Advisers to certain States (as Kelantan and Trengganu) formerly under Siamese suzerainty were officially appointed and controlled by the Siamese Government.
[1878J. Douglas Let. 17 May in Strait's Settlements Instructions Brit. Residents 7 in Parl. Papers 1878-9 (C. 2410) LI. 409 His Excellency desires that you should be reminded that the Residents have been placed in the Native States as advisers, not as rulers.] 1902W. J. Archer Annex to Despatch No. 141 15 July (Publ. Rec. Office Kew FO 69/230), On June 5th..the Siamese Minister in London..went on to say that the Siamese Government had no intention..of withdrawing from the agreement to appoint British subjects as Advisers to the Rajahs of the Malay States. 1910W. G. Maxwell Ann. Rep. Adviser to Kedah Govt. 1 in Parl. Papers 1910. 1 (Cd. 5389) LXVI. 831 The first printed official report upon this State appeared over the signature of Mr. G. C. Hart, the Adviser appointed by the Siamese Government. 1954V. Bartlett Rep. from Malaya ix. 97 Each of the nine States has a similar legislature on a smaller scale, with the addition of a British Adviser who is a link between the High Commissioner and the State administration. 1969J. M. Gullick Malaysia ii. 106 There was also a British Adviser (no longer a ‘Resident’)... The Advisers did not reassume the executive powers of the pre-war British Residents of the F.M.S.
d. Chiefly in pl. A soldier sent to advise or help the government or army of a foreign country (often a euphemism for a combatant soldier).
1915Handbk. Turkish Army (Intelligence Dept., Cairo) (ed. 2) 24 No attempts to form reserve divisions were noted at Constantinople during the mobilization, but there is every reason to believe that it was the policy of the Turkish military authorities and their German military advisers to form a certain number. 1939Littlepage & Bess In Search of Soviet Gold xxiv. 259 The Russians have kept a number of ‘advisers’, military and otherwise, in Sinkiang for several years. 1955Economist 11 June 927/1 Nor will the presence of thirty American military advisers constitute a United States base on Cambodian soil. 1972Guardian 6 Sept. 14/6 If the Australian Labour Party wins the election and the troops come home—there are only 150 ‘advisers’ left in Vietnam—no one doubts that ANZUK would break up. 1980Times 2 Jan. 9/1 Seen from Moscow the regime of Mr Amin was squandering a Soviet investment in Afghanistan that had been built up over many years... He was also allowing a lot of Soviet advisors to be killed.
2. One who sends advice or notice of anything.
1854De Quincey in Page (1877) II. xviii. 83 To you, as being (I think) my latest adviser from Tipperary, I address my answer.
†3. A dispatch-boat; an adviso. Obs.
1658–9in Burton Diary (1828) III. 383 One-hundred-and-twenty sail, whereof ten are advisers, and as many fire-ships. |