| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈwalling, vbl. n.1 Now dial.
[f. wall v.1 + -ing1.]
The action of boiling brine in salt-making. (See also quot. 1674.) Also attrib., as walling-house, walling shed; walling-lead, a salt-pan.
1556B.N.C. (Oxon.) Munim. 20 No. 47 (MS.) Houses, cottages, saltehouses, wallingehouses, places where any saltehouse or wichehouse hath heretofore been [Middlewich]. 1611Inventory in Chesh. Local Gleanings (E.D.D.), ii. Walling Leads. 1669Dr. W. Jackson in Phil. Trans. IV. 1061 The bank..[is] accidentally raised by rubbish of long making Salt, or Walling, as they call it. 1674Ray Coll. Words, Making of Salt 142 A Lead-walling is the Brine of twenty four hours boiling for one house... They have four sworn Officers chosen yearly, which they call Occupiers of Walling, whose duty it is to see equal dealing between Lord and Tenant, and all persons concerned. 1894Baring-Gould Queen of Love II. 15 The white cloud filled the walling (boiling) house. Ibid. 16 The coils of steam turned and rolled and clung in the walling shed.
▪ II. ˈwalling, vbl. n.2
[f. wall v.2 + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the verb; the making of walls, furnishing or fortifying with a wall.
1480Cov. Leet Bk. 463 Yf part of eny olde wall or yate sodenly fall, hit of reason owe first to be made and to be preferred a-fore oþer wallying. 1531Maldon (Essex) Liber B. fol. 108 b, iio rodds wallynge marisci vocati pontmermershe. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. ii. 194 He gaue fiue hundred pounds to the walling of that towne. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. I. 66 The same method for walling of Towns will not serve in all places. 1825J. Nicholson Oper. Mech. 547 In walling,..when the work is required to be firm, the best mortar must be used. 1909Daily Chron. 20 Sept. 1/3 When a suitable building plot had been prepared the walling of a structure was a very simple process.
b. with advs. in, out, up.
1450Rolls of Parlt. V. 199/1 The somme of xx li., which we have graunte yerely unto the wallyng oute of oure foreseide Towne. 1732Sir W. Fownes in Swift's Lett. (1766) II. 169 The walling-in of the piece of ground..may go on as the fund will bear. 1913M. Barrett Scott. Monasteries iv. i. 203 They manage to convert it into an inhuman walling-up alive of the wretched monk.
2. concr. Wall-work; also, walls collectively; also, the materials of which a wall is made.
1382Wyclif Ezek. xxxvi. 4 These thingis saith the Lord God..to desert wallingus [Vulg. parietinis], and to forsaken citees. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. viii. 234 So shalt þow come to a court as cleer so þe sonne,..Al þe wallynge ys of wit. 1518Cov. Leet Bk. 664 He & his assignes schall kepe the seid yate-house clene, & with ffloryng & wallyng. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 343/1 The Plumb Rule sheweth him whether his Walling doth both range straight, and stand upright. 1791Smeaton Edystone L. (1793) §212, I found the mortar joints of the brick walling very compleat. 1851Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XII. ii. 352 This plaster..having straw well chopped up amongst it..makes a hard and cheap walling for light buildings. 1870F. R. Wilson Ch. Lindisf. 119 A length of walling, four feet thick, was discovered. 1886J. Barrowman Sc. Mining Terms 70 Walling, the built sides of a shaft.
transf.1880Geo. Eliot in Cross Life (1885) III. 416 Not to the exclusion of old things, which we must carry and stow, especially wallings of books.
3. attrib. and Comb., as walling material, walling stone. walling hammer, a hammer used for dressing stones in a dry wall.
1796W. H. Marshall W. Eng. II. 130 Beside being burnt into Lime, it is used as a walling material. 1840Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 2/1 The remaining fronts are to be faced with neat hammer dressed walling stones. 1841S. Bamford Life of Radical (ed. 2) I. 84 This person had..threatened to beat in their brains with a walling hammer which he had in his hand. 1846Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. VII. i. 40 The rest of this district consists of..some very thin-skinned, hungry gravel, and sand, on a dry, thirsty, walling-stone. 1881W. Westall Old Factory I. x. 136 Them as has walling hammers comes next and next again them wi' stone-breakers' hammers and hand-hammers. 1964H. Hodges Artifacts vii. 109 In dressing, the usual process was to hack away first the worst of the protruding lumps with a walling hammer. 1971Country Life 9 Sept. 618/1 Prizes include..a walling hammer for the competitor who has travelled the longest distance in order to take part.
▪ III. † ˈwalling, ppl. a.1 Obs.
[f. wall v.1 + -ing2.]
1. Boiling: said of liquids, molten metal, etc. In OE. often fig., fervent. Also in phr. wallinde hot, boiling hot, walling wood, raging mad.
c1000ælfric On N.T. (Gr.) 16 Se het ᵹenyman þone halᵹan apostol and on weallendum ele he het hine baðian. 12..Moral Ode (Egerton MS.) 218 His bæþ sceal beo wealliende pich his bed burnende glede. a1225Ancr. R. 246 Þu hauest forschalded, he seið, þe drake heaued mid wallinde watere, þet is, mid hote teares. a1225Juliana (Royal MS.) 30 Elewsius..bed..wallinde breas..healden on hire heauet þat hit urne endelong hire leofliche bodi. Ibid. 70 Hit [the boiling pitch] colede anan..ant leop wallinde hat up aȝein þeo ilke þat hit hefden iȝarket. c1275xi Pains of Hell 75 in O.E. Misc. 149 Fvrþer þer is a water wallinde hot. 13..K. Alis. 1622 (W.) With hot water and wallyng metal They defendid heore wal. 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1762 Wiȝt wallande Ioye warmed his hert. 13..Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS. xxxvii. 945 Aȝeyn o drauȝt þei drinke ouer-muche þei schul han þre or two Of hot led and walled [? read wallend] bras. c1450Mirk's Festial 147/21 Þer was a tonne of bras, full of wallyng oyle. 16..Eger & Grine 1057 in Percy Fol. MS. I. 387 Gray-Steele went walling woode.
2. Of the sea, waves: Boiling up, raging. Of water: Welling up, flowing abundantly.
Beowulf 546 (Gr.) Oþ þæt unc flod todraf wado weallende, wedera cealdost. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 365 My herte was al with mysse remorde, As wallande water gos out of welle.
b. Abundant.
a1400Destr. Troy 13120 Of all his wallond wele walt he no gode.
▪ IV. ˈwalling, ppl. a.2
[f. wall v.2 + -ing2.]
That forms a wall.
1853M. Arnold Balder Dead ii. 89 In the strait passage,..Where the road issues between walling rocks.
▪ V. walling, ppl. a.3
see wall v.4 |