| 释义 |
advice|ædˈvaɪs|
Forms: 3–5 avis, avys, 5 avise, avyse, avyce (Sc. 4 awyss, 6 awise); 5 advys, 5–6 advyse, 4–8 advise, 6– advice.
[a. OFr. avis (cogn. w. Pr. avis, Sp. aviso, It. avviso):—late pop. L. *advīsum view, opinion, f. ad to + vīsum seen, pa. pple of vidēre to see. Occ. written advis after L. by Fr. scribes in 14th–16th c., a spelling introduced (by Caxton) into Eng., where it permanently changed the word. In 15th c. final -e was added to indicate the length of the ī; and in 16th the s was written c to preserve the breath sound; whence the stages avīs, advīs, advise, advice. Senses 8 and 9 represent Sp. aviso (= Fr. avis), also used unchanged, and in the adapted form adviso, q.v.]
†1. The way in which a matter is looked at or regarded; opinion, judgment. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. 144 Þe erchbischop of Walis seide ys auys. 1330R. Brunne Chron. 32 Bot as I herd telle I say myn auys. 1366Mandeville xxviii. 284 But that myghte not ben to myn avys. 1475Caxton Jason 11 b, Me thinketh in myn aduys that the king of Esclauonye doth euyl. 1529More Supplic. Soules Wks. 1557, 334/1 He hath geuen hys aduise therto, and said that they haue to much. 1623Bingham Xenophon 56, I am not of that aduice, quoth Cherisophus. 1633G. Herbert Temple 113 All things..joyn with one advise To honour thee. 1651Hobbes Leviathan ii. xix. 95 With power to make known their Advise, or Desires.
†2. Forethought, prudence, wisdom. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce x. 269 He knew..hys gret wycht, and hys awyss, Hys traist hart, and hys lele seruice. c1430Lydg. Bochas i. i. (1554) 1 Considre fyrst, the Lord in His auyse..He put us bothe into paradise. 1523Ld. Berners Froissart I. cclix, Howe the erle of Cambrydge and the erle of Pembroke toke by great aduyse the garyson of Bourdeile.
†3. Provision for, endowment, advancement. (OFr. avis, portion de biens qu'un père assigne à ses puinés). Obs. rare.
1433Mangeard in E.E. Wills (1882) Thet the seyd Bestall be salde be the vice of the paresshens ther, as for the most avice of the sayd chirche werkes.
†4. Weighing of opinions; consideration, deliberation, consultation, reckoning. to take advice: to deliberate. Obs.
1366Mandeville 180 The schipmen taken here Avys here and governe hem by the Lode star. c1386Chaucer Melib. 285 It semeth þat it suffiseth to han been conseilled by thise conseillours oonly, and wiþ litel Auys [v.r. avis(e, auys(e, avice]. 1565Jewel Repl. to Harding (1611) 161 Whom vpon verie short aduice, hæ hath condemned. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iv. ii. 6 Bassanio vpon more aduice, Hath sent you heere this ring. 1611Bible Judges xix. 30 Consider of it, take aduise, and speake your mindes. 1654Goddard in Burton's Diary (1828) I. 7 In such manner as the Commissioners of the Admiralty, by advice with the generals of the fleet, shall think fit.
5. Opinion given or offered as to action; counsel. spec. medical or legal counsel.
1393Gower Conf. I. 340 So that anone by his advise There was a prive counseil nome. 1413Lydg. Pylgr. Sowle iv. xxx. (1483) 77 To receyuen goodly good aduys and counceyll withouten indignacion of herte. 1605Shakes. Macb. iv. ii. 68 If you will take a homely mans aduice, Be not found heere. 1667Pepys Diary (1879) IV. 398 He is very ill of his fever, and come only for advice. 1702Pope Jan. & May 84 But fix'd before, and well resolv'd was he; (As men that ask advice are wont to be). 1718― Iliad i. 361 If in my youth, ev'n these esteem'd me wise; Do you, young warriours, hear my sage advise. 1761Gibbon Misc. Wks. 1814 V. 211 These are so many advices which it is easy to give, but difficult to follow. 1845Punch, VIII. 1 Advice to those about to marry:—‘Don't.’ 1860Tyndall Glaciers i. §25, 182 Acting on his advice I had a ladder constructed in two pieces.
†6. The result of consultation; determination, resolve, intention, plan, design. Obs.
c1440Arthur 104 Arthour.. toke þe castelle & þe town at hys avyse. 1455Ardern in Test. Eborac. (1855) II. 195 That thai..myne exequies done and avyce before writen, those gudis distribute. 1513Douglas æneis xii. v. 51 Thay quhilkis are desyrit peace..Ar alterit halely in ane vthir auyse. 1581Savile Tacitus, Agricola (1622) 194 Changing aduice on the sudden..they iointly assaulted by night the ninth Legion. 1704Dryden Aureng-zebe iii. i. 1035 The fatal Paper rather let me tear, You may, but 'twill not be your best Advice.
†7. A decision of a deliberative body; an act; a Senatus consultum. Obs. rare.
1661Bramhall Just Vind. vii. 173 The advises of Constance conceived by the Deputies of the German Nation in that Councel, against some special abuses of the Pope..The advises of Ments made and concluded in that City by the States of the Empire.
8. Information given, notice; intelligence, news; in pl. communications from a distance. spec. in Comm. Formal or official notice from a party concerned.
1490Caxton Eneydos xxii. 82 After wyth this dreme cometh to her aduyse that her cyte and landes of Cartage are all dystroied. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 114 These fifteene were spies and..beganne to flie with feare, or else to give advice. 1633Stafford Pac. Hib. xxii. (1821) 424 A Pinnace of advice that brought the Kings Letters. 1665Pepys Diary (1879) VI. 99 Where some advice from my Lady shall meet your Lordship. 1710Steele Tatler No. 129 ⁋1 A mail from Holland, which brought me several Advices. 1737Wesley Wks. 1830 I. 70 Visiting a dying man, we found him full of the freshest advices. 1745De Foe Eng. Tradesm. I. xxviii. 279 He should not pay his money till he has advice that my bills are accepted. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 590 Advices came down to him that many thousands of the citizens had been enrolled as volunteers. 1866Crump Banking v. 133 It is more prudent in all cases to give a banker advice of bills becoming due. 1880P.O. Guide 217 The Postmaster has first to see that the signature of the payee be in agreement with the advice.
9. = advice-boat. Cf. also pinnace of advice in 8.
1595Drake Voy. (1849) 18 We took a frygotte which was an advice of the kinge's [of Spain].
10. Comb. or attrib., as advice-giver; advice note Comm., = letter of advice s.v. letter n.1 4 c; (see quots.); advice-yacht = advice-boat.
1663Gerbier Counsel d 3 a, The *Advice giver to Builders. 1885E. B. Ivatts Railway Managem. at Stations 537 *Advice note, a form, partly printed and partly written, used to advise consignees of the arrival of their goods, and requesting removal of same from the station. 1901Business Terms, Phr. & Abbrev. 10 Advice note..is a letter giving its receiver information that some particular transaction either has been or is about to be effected on his behalf. It is usual to advise the arrival of shipments, the despatch of goods, the payment of accounts, and the shipment of goods. 1930J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement x. 496 He had got up as usual, bolted his breakfast and exchanged a word or two with the Pelumptons, hurried down to the Tube, climbed into the City, sent and received advice notes, telephoned to this firm and that, [etc.]. 1983J. M. Rosenberg Dict. Business & Managem. (ed. 2) 18/1 Advice note, a supplier's listing of items that is sent to a customer prior to an invoice, either accompanying the merchandise or preceding it, identifying the nature and quantity of the goods but not giving prices. 1666Lond. Gaz. lxvi/2 A Pleasure-Boat..after ten hours chace, put on shore near this Harbor, a Dutch *Advice-Yacht. |