| 释义 |
thermoscope|ˈθɜːməskəʊp|
[ad. mod.L. thermoscopium (Bianconi, 1617): see thermo- and -scope. Cf. F. thermoscope.]
An instrument for indicating changes of temperature, of which there are various forms.
a. An early name for the thermometer, esp. in its earlier forms. b. Count Rumford's name for a differential thermometer for detecting minute differences of temperature. c. An electric or magnetic apparatus, as a thermopile, for detecting and measuring minute differences of temperature. d. Any substance or device used to indicate excessive heat in machinery, variations of bodily temperature, rate of radiation of heat, or the like.
a. [1617Gius. Bianconi Sphæra Mundi, seu Cosmographia Demonstrativa Thermoscopium.] 1656tr. Hobbes's Elem. Philos. (1839) 531 This organ is called a thermometer or thermoscope, because the degrees of heat and cold are measured and marked by it. 1672Boyle in Phil. Trans. VII. 5110 The Air by the seal'd Thermoscope appeared hot for the season. 1778Phil. Trans. LXVIII. 484 The first inventors..called..their instruments..Baroscopes, Thermoscopes, Microscopes. 1790De Luc ibid. LXXXI. 32 The thermoscopes of quicksilver and water. 1842Brande Dict. Sc., etc. s.v. Thermometer, The thermometer of Drebbel and Sanctorio..had no scale, and was therefore merely an indicator of changes of temperature, or a thermoscope.
b.1804Ct. Rumford in Phil. Trans. XCIV. 101 An instrument I contrived for measuring, or rather for discovering, those very small changes of temperature in bodies, which are occasioned by the radiations of other neighbouring bodies, which happen to be at a higher, or at a lower temperature. This instrument..I shall take the liberty to call a thermoscope. 1842Brande Dict. Sc., etc. s.v., The modification of the air thermometer, called by Leslie a differential thermometer, was claimed by Count Rumford as one of his own inventions, under the name of thermoscope. 1850Grove Corr. Phys. Forces (ed. 2) 42 With the most delicate thermoscope, he could detect no indications of transmitted heat. 1860Mayne Expos. Lex., Thermoscopium, term for an instrument by Rumford for measuring the difference of temperature by dilatation of dry air contained in two balls, which a long tube, twice bent, separates from each other: a thermoscope.
c.1835[see thermo-multiplier]. 1879tr. Du Moncel's Telephone 195 It is therefore a microphone as well as a thermoscope. 1881Nature 17 Feb. 372/2 The magnetic thermoscope is intended to indicate differences of temperature by showing differences between the magnetic moments of steel magnets.
d.1877Knight Dict. Mech. 2550/1 Barker and Mayer's thermoscope..is designed to indicate..the existence of excessive heat in journal-bearings... Marcy's thermoscope..is particularly designed for experiments on animal heat. 1884Ibid. Suppl. 892/2 The varied changes of tint..may serve..as a rough index of the temperature of surrounding bodies, thus constituting the little instrument a thermoscope. |