| 释义 |
▪ I. ex
obs. form of axe n.1
a1400Sir Degrev. 325 Wyth scharpe exus of stelle He playtede here basnetus welle. c1440Prompt. Parv. 144 Ex, instrument. Securis.
▪ II. ex, prep.|ɛks|
[a. L. ex out of (archaically also ec), corresp. to Gr. ἐξ, ἐκ (see ex- prefix2), Gaulish ex- (OWelsh eh- in ehofn fearless), OIr. ass, ess-, e-, Lith. isz, ? OSl. izŭ (Russ. iz'). Before consonants sometimes reduced to ē.]
1. In Lat. phrases (some of which are in Eng. written as single words), as ex animo, ex parte, extempore, ex-voto, etc., q.v. in alphabetical place.
2. Comm.
a. Used for ‘out of’, ‘landed from’ (a ship), with reference to goods. Similarly in phrase ex warehouse: (sold directly) from the warehouse.
b. With sense ‘without,’ ‘exclusive of’; esp. in phrase ex dividend (abbreviated ex div. or x.d.), used with reference to sales of stocks or shares to indicate that the dividend next to be paid is not included in the sale. So formerly ex interest (abbreviated ex int., ex in., x.i.); also ex new (ex n., x.n.), intimating that the right to an allotment of new shares or stock is not included in the sale.
1845Times July [In the daily lists of prices of railway shares the following frequently occur], ex. div., x.d., ex in., ex int., x.i., ex new, ex n., x.n. 1874Porcupine XV. 775/2 It is no unusual thing for brokers and merchants to sell their goods ‘ex quay’. 1877R. Giffen Stock Exch. Securities 59 The price quickly rising from 125 cum div early in July to 136 ex div in September. 1878E. C. Maddison Specul. Stock Exch. ii. 13 After prices have been quoted ‘ex dividend’. 1882R. Bithell Counting-house Dict. 122 Ex drawing. Since the prices of stocks and shares quoted in the official list carry with them the right to claim all accruing advantages in respect of those stocks or shares; and since the ‘drawings’ for the Sinking Fund or amortization are among those advantages, it is usual to state, about the time when drawings take place, whether the prices carry with them the right to the drawing, or whether that right has ceased. This is done by inserting, after the price, the phrase ‘ex drawing’ or ‘cum drawing’. 1884Times 4 July 11 The landing shed..with its contents, about 100 tons of flax ex the Maria A. Hinde..was totally destroyed by fire. 1885[see X, 7]. 1887Daily News 8 July 6/8 During the week a good deal of business, ex-warehouse, has been transacted. 1888Ibid. 5 Oct. 5/3 The..price..is said to have been fully fivepence farthing a pound ex ship. Mod. The custom-house expenses amount to {pstlg}5, ex stamps. 1893R. Bithell Counting-house Dict. (ed. 2) 118 Ex all (x all.). When these words are added to the quotation of the price of any stock, they signify that the coupon or dividend just due on such stock, and any preference claim to new stock, bonus, or other privilege arising from the possession of the stock sold, is retained by the seller. 1903Pitman's Business Man's Guide, Ex coupon,..without the interest coupon. 1906in Poley & Gould Stock Exch. (1907) 292 When Securities on which Options are open are quoted ‘Ex Rights’ an official price will..be fixed for the Rights. 1928Daily Mail 25 July 19/3 Ex rights. Ex all. Ex bonus. Ex return capital. Ex drawing. Ex cash bonus. 1955Times 28 July 12/2 It was on an ex works basis. 1962H. O. Beecheno Introd. Bus. Stud. vi. 59 The terms ‘xr’ (ex rights) or ‘xc’ (ex capital)..seen against the price. This means that the special rights extended to existing share⁓holders do not apply. 1962Times 13 Feb. 4/6 The cost, ex yard, is the same as for a boat built in this country. 1965J. L. Hanson Dict. Econ. 164/2 Ex-quay, goods sold on this condition must be taken charge of by the purchaser after they have been landed from the ship. 1967K. Giles Death in Diamonds ix. 170 All the billing is done ex London.
▪ III. ex, a. colloq.|ɛks|
[ex-1 3.]
Former, quondam; outdated, passé.
1823Byron Age of Bronze xvii, And the ex-empress grows as ex a wife. 1892Kipling Lett. of Travel (1920) 91 Nothing looks so hopelessly ‘ex’ as a President ‘returned to stores’. 1952Wodehouse Barmy in Wonderland xiii. 126 ‘I allude to my fiancée. Or, rather, my ex⁓fiancée.’ ‘Is she ex?’ ‘Ex to the last drop. You never saw anything Ex-er.’ 1955Times 16 June 12/2 ‘Is she a member, or an ex-member, of the Communist Party?’—‘She is an ex-member’. ‘When did she go ‘ex’?’
▪ IV. ex, n.1 colloq.|ɛks|
Pl. exes, ex's, exs.
[ex-1 3.]
One who formerly occupied the position or office denoted by the context; spec. a former husband or wife.
1827Moore Cash, Corn & Catholics 125 ‘But don't you perceive, dear, the Church have found out That you're one of the people call'd Ex's at present?’ ‘Ah, true—you have hit it..(his Lordship replies), And, with tears, I confess—God forgive me the pun!—We X's have proved ourselves not to be Y's.’ 1915Boston Pilot 13 Mar. 4/4 The various kinds of Ex's [sc. ex-Catholics] are allowed to advertise their nasty anti-Catholic talks. 1929E. Wilson I thought of Daisy ii. 96 ‘Phil was your first husband, was he?’ ‘Yes: he's my ex,’ she said. 1930Byrne Golden Goat ix. 68 Here was an ex-king, one of the first exes. 1944A. Christie Towards Zero 25 Leonard's new wife and his Ex were the best of friends. 1971Ladies' Home Jrnl. Feb. 30/3 His ‘ex’ also got away with every stick of furniture and household equipment.
▪ V. ex, n.2|ɛks|
Colloq. abbrev. of expense 3 c. Always in pl. forms exes, ex's, exs. (Cf. quot. 1894 s.v. x 7.)
1864Hotten Slang Dict. 129 Exes, expenses; written thus—EXS. 1874Ibid. 156 Just enough to clear our exes. 1878Porcupine 10 Aug. 295/2 You are..pretty sure to cover your ‘ex's’. 1883Referee 18 Mar. 3/3 The piece was ready, but the ‘pieces’ were not, and without the exes Morton would not allow..the curtain to go up. 1908A. Bennett Old Wives' Tale iv. i. 436 The mater will fork out all my exes. 1915F. M. Hueffer Good Soldier iii. v. 203, I have offered to pay her ex's myself. 1929J. B. Priestley Good Companions iii. i. 482 I'll fix that too—stand all the exes. 1970K. Giles Murder Pluperfect 85 Their ten thousand bucks per year plus exes.
▪ VI. ex, v.|ɛks|
[f. the pronunciation of the letter X.]
trans. To cross out; to delete with an x.
[a1849Poe Tales (1896) 109, ‘I shell have to x this ere paragrab,’ said he... So x it he did, unflinchingly and to press it went x-ed.] 1935R. Stout League of Frightened Men xiii. 157 He wasn't so good at the typewriter; he had exed out a good deal. 1958D. Niland Call Me when Cross turns Over iv. 126 Ex the lot out and give you the whole blank page to yourself. 1962A. Lejeune Duel in Shadows xi. 149 He exed out..‘e’ and ‘a’ and substituted ‘eye’ and ‘aye’. 1965K. Giles Some Beasts no More vi. 163 ‘Was he a good typist?’ ‘Quite fast, sir, but a lot of exing out, not expert.’ |