| 释义 |
▪ I. ravage, n.|ˈrævɪdʒ|
[a. F. ravage (14th c.), f. ravir to ravish: see -age.]
†1. A flood, inundation. Obs. rare—0.
1611Cotgr., Ragats d'eau, a great floud, inundation, rauage of waters.
2. The act or practice of ravaging, or the result of this; destruction, devastation, extensive damage, done by men or beasts.
1611Cotgr., Ravage, rauage, hauocke, spoyle. 1656in Blount Glossogr. 1684Scanderbeg Redivivus vi. 154 They slew near one Hundred-Thousand; and having finisht their Ravage, took Bialogrod. 1691Ray Creation i. (1692) 111 To secure their Eggs and Young from the ravage of Apes and Monkeys. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 185 ⁋3 What would so soon destroy all the order of society, and deform life with violence and ravage, as a permission to every one to judge his own cause. 1821Shelley Adonais xlviii, 'Tis nought That ages, empires, and religions there Lie buried in the ravage they have wrought. 1872Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 429 Many another suppliant crying came With noise of ravage wrought by beast and man.
b. pl. Extensive depredations. † Also sg. with a.
1697Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) IV. 294, 60,000 Tartars are approaching to make a ravage in Poland. 1771Goldsm. Hist. Eng. II. 78 Unable to perceive any signs of an enemy, except from the ravages they had made. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India III. 171 They..after a short interval, returned and renewed their ravages. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) II. i. i. 34 Six centuries have been unable to repair the ravages of four years.
c. transf., esp. of the destructive action or effects of disease, time, storm, etc.
1704F. Fuller Med. Gymn. (1711) 78 To what must we attribute the Ravage this Disease makes? 1745J. Mason Self-Knowl. (1853) i. xiv. 99 The Torment of the Mind, under such an Insurrection and merciless Ravage of the Passions. 1786Burns Author's Farewell ii, The Autumn mourns her rip'ning corn By early Winter's ravage torn. 1801Lusignan IV. 229 The ravage time and affliction had made on those features. 1868Tennyson Lucretius 176 Seeing with how great ease Nature can smile..At random ravage.
pl.1777Sheridan Sch. Scand. ii. ii, If Mrs. Evergreen does take some pains to repair the ravages of time. 1838Thirlwall Greece xxi. III. 169 The ravages of the pestilence continued..for two years. 1873Max Müller Sc. Rel. 118 On rolls of papyrus which seem to defy the ravages of time.
3. concr. Plunder, spoil. rare—1.
1809Malkin Gil Blas vi. i. ⁋2 Three hundred pistoles, the lawful ravage of their pockets.
▪ II. ravage, v.|ˈrævɪdʒ|
[ad. F. ravager, f. ravage: see prec.]
1. trans. To devastate, lay waste, despoil, plunder (a country). Also transf. or fig.
1611Cotgr., Ravager, to rauage, forray, spoyle, prey vpon. a1704T. Brown Satire Antients Wks. 1730 I. 24 The barbarians who ravag'd Greece and Italy. 1758Johnson Idler No. 8 ⁋6 The Isle of Rhodes..was ravaged by a dragon. Ibid. No. 14 ⁋4 Life is continually ravaged by invaders. 1838–43Arnold Hist. Rome II. xxxvii. 481 æmilius began to ravage their territory with fire and sword. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xx, That sweet face so sadly ravaged by grief and despair.
2. intr. To commit ravages; to make havoc or destruction. Also fig.
1627F. E. Hist. Edw. II (1680) 47 His wand'ring eyes now ravage through the confines of his great Court. 1659Hammond On Ps. civ. 20, 21 Paraphr., Beasts of prey, which..are inabled to ravage, and feed. 1769Goldsm. Hist. Rome (1786) II. 497 A dreadful enemy ravaging in the midst of their country. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge iv, The lock⁓smith who had..been ravaging among the eatables. 1874Green Short Hist. ii. §7. 95 When the Danes were ravaging along Loire as they ravaged along Thames. |