| 释义 |
efflorescence|ɛflɒˈrɛsəns|
[a. F. efflorescence, as if ad. L. *efflōrescentia, f. efflōrescent-em, pr. pple. of efflōrescĕre to effloresce: see -ence.]
1. The process of producing flowers, or bursting into flower; the period of flowering.
1626Bacon Sylva §389 The Spirit of the Plant is..severed from the grosser Juyce in the Efflorescence. 1869Goulburn Purs. Holiness ii. 15 They are the blossom on the fruit-tree, an efflorescence which shows the tree's vitality. 1870Yeats Nat. Hist. Comm. 117 The tendency to efflorescence in the trees of America..has encouraged their diffusion through Europe.
2. fig. A development like that of blossom; an abundant or ostentatious growth; the ‘flower’ of age, etc.
1672Marvell Reh. Transp. i. 40 His impertinent efflorescence of Rhetorick upon so mean Topicks. 1675Evelyn Terra (1729) 14 The pared-off Turf is the very fat, and Efflorescence of the Earth. a1711Ken Hymns Evang. Poet. Wks. 1721 I. 187 Lord, who in Efflorescence of thy Age Wouldst from the World thy Spirit disengage. 1751Johnson Rambl. No. 141 ⁋11 Mirth can never please, but as the efflorescence of a mind loved for its luxuriance. 1831Carlyle Misc. (1857) II. 284 Of Fable Literature this was the summer-tide and highest efflorescence. 1865Lecky Ration. II. vi. 265 That noble efflorescence of charity which marked the first ages of Christianity.
†3. Colour developed on the skin, either in the ordinary course of nature, or as the result of disease. Obs. in gen. sense.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. vi. x. 330 A shadow or darke efflorescence in the outside. 1782V. Knox Ess. (1819) III. cxxxiii. 69 The hectic efflorescence on the countenance of an invalid.
b. Pathol. ‘A morbid redness, or rash of the skin’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.).
1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. v. 152 There is a threefold difference of Efflorescences in the skin. 1783J. C. Smyth in Med. Commun. I. 149 The efflorescence on her arms [is] entirely gone. 1876tr. Wagner's Gen. Pathol. 135 In measles, infection reaches its greatest power during the eruptive stage and the stage of efflorescence.
4. Chem. The process of efflorescing, in various senses (see effloresce 2 a, b, c); also concr. the powdery deposit which is the result of this process.
1667Boyle Orig. Formes & Qual. 326 To afford an efflorescence which..appear'd to be Vitriol. 1671Kirkby in Phil. Trans. (1672) VII. 4070 It [an inland sea, near Danzick] becomes..green in the midle with an hairy efflorescence. 1677Plot Nat. Hist. Oxfordsh. 62 Pyrites are..the efflorescence of Minerals. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1721) Add. 10 We found under it Efflorescences of pure Salt. 1828H. Steuart Planter's Guide 189 The sulphate of iron is..distinguished by an efflorescence of small white crystals. 1858O. W. Holmes De Sauty, Whitened round his feet the dust of efflorescence. 1886Roscoe Elem. Chem. 183 [Nitrate of potassium] occurs as an efflorescence on the soil. |