| 释义 |
‖ debris, débris|debri, ˈdeɪbriː, ˈdɛbriː|
[F. débris. vbl. n. from obs. débriser (Cotgr.), OF. debrisier: see debruise v.]
1. The remains of anything broken down or destroyed; ruins, wreck:
a. orig. (in Eng.) fig.;
b. in Geol. applied to any accumulation of loose material arising from the waste of rocks; also to drifted accumulation of vegetable or animal matter (Page); thence,
c. any similar rubbish formed by destructive operations.
1708Collier Eccl. Hist. I. a.d. 685 To retire with the debris of the army. 1735Swift Lett. to Dk. of Dorset, Your Grace is now disposing of the debris of two bishoprics. 1778H. Walpole Let. to W. Mason 18 July, The best they can hope for, is to sit down with the débris of an empire. 1802Playfair Illustr. Hutton. Th. 363 A temporary receptacle for the debris of the Alps. 1849Murchison Siluria xiv. 356 The débris of the ancient rocks. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) II. iii. iii. 105 Accumulated rubbish and debris. 1858Geikie Hist. Boulder ix. 176 The sandstone cliffs..are battered down and their debris carried out to sea. 1885Act 48–9 Vict. c. 39 §5 The sanitary authority shall remove the same and all foundations, débris, and other materials.
d. = slime n. 4, tailing vbl. n.1 2 b.
1871Cape Monthly Mag. June 358 In the paucity of materials in the débris of pans worked for diamonds, I would have less difficulty in finding traces of these rocks. 1882H. G. Hanks Sec. Rep. State Min. Calif. 283 Debris,..the silt, sand and gravel that flow from the hydraulic mines; called in miner's parlance, tailings, slums, and sometimes by the outlandish name of ‘slickens’. 1902D. Ward Digest Criminal Cases Superior Courts Colony C.G.H. 5/2 The accused, an employé, not of De Beers, but of a débris washer. 1967Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) viii. 12 Dirt, (debris),..any material, such as rock or clay, etc., associated with the mineral and extracted during mining operations.
2. attrib., as debris-cone, a cone formed by the accumulation of volcanic ejecta, debris, etc.
1890J. D. Dana Char. Volcanoes 113 The cone was found to be literally a debris-cone, not a lava-cone or cinder-cone in any part. Ibid. 171 Between 1880 and 1882 another debris cone began in the basin of Halema'uma'u. 1895― Man. Geol. (ed. 4) iii. v. 285 The basin contained a debris-cone made of the fallen blocks, and not at all of ejected material. |