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▪ I. † dwale, n.1 and a. Obs.
Forms: α. 1 dweola, dwola, dwala, 3 dwole, dwale, 3–4 duale.
[In sense 1, a variant of dwele n., = OE. *dwela, dweola, dwola, dwala, error, heresy, madness; in sense 2 app. aphetic for OE. ᵹedweola, -dwola, etc. error, heresy, madness, also heretic, deceiver; f. ablaut-series dwel-, dwal-, dwol-: see dwell v. Cf. OE. dwol- in comb. ‘erring, heretical’, and Goth. dwals ‘foolish’.]
1. Error, delusion; deceit, fraud.
[c900tr. Bæda's Hist. ii. xii. [xv.] (1890) 142 Seo mæᵹd þreo ᵹear in ᵹedwolan wæs lifiende. ]c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxvii. 64 And bið ðin hlætmesto duola wyrse from ærra. c975Rushw. Gosp. Matt. vi. 24 Ne maᵹun ᵹe gode ðeowiᵹe & dwale. a1250Owl & Night. 823 Ȝif the vox mist of al this dwole, At than ende he cropth to hole. c1250Gen. & Ex. 4055 Wið win, and wlite, & bodi, & dwale. a1300Cursor M. 12841 Þe godds lamb, þan clenge sale Þis wreched werld fra sinful duale. Ibid. 14197 Qua walkes on nightertale O dreching oft he findes duale.
2. Heretic, deceiver, transgressor.
[c1000ælfric Hom. (Th.) I. 290 Þa forwearð eac þes ᵹedwola mid his ᵹedwylde. c1000Blickl. Hom. 7 Þone ealdan ᵹedwolan (= Satan).] c1200Ormin 7454 Off all þiss laþe læredd follc..Wass maȝȝstredwale, an defless þeww, Þat Arriuss wass nemmnedd. a1250Prov. ælfred 414 in O.E. Misc. 126 Ne myd manyes cunnes tales; ne chid þu wiþ nenne dwales. c1250Gen. & Ex. 1220 Til god him bad is wiues tale Listen, and don a-wei ðat dwale. Ibid. 3404 Ietro listnede moyses tale, Of him and pharaon ðe dwale.
3. attrib. or adj. Heretical, perverse.
c1250Gen. & Ex. 20 Lucifer, ðat deuel dwale.
4. Comb., as dwal-kenned a., heretical.
c1200Ormin 7441 Þatt þurrh dwallkennde lare Tahhtenn & turrndenn lawedd follc To lefenn wrang o Criste.
▪ II. dwale, n.2|dweɪl|
Also 6–7 dwall, 7 dwaile.
[prob. from Scandinavian: cf. ON. dvöl, dvalar, delay, dvali (Haldors.) delay, sleep, Sw. dvala trance, Da. dvale dead sleep, trance, torpor, dvaledrik soporiferous draught, dvalebær narcotic berry; from same root as dwale n.1]
†1. A stupefying or soporific drink. Obs. (Prob. in many instances, the juice or infusion of Belladonna: see 2.)
a1300Cursor M. 26323 (Cott.) Lech þat suld.. giue him for to drinc duale. c1340Ibid. 17708 (Trin.) Þei fel as þei had dronken dwale. c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 241 Hem neded no dwale. This Millere hath so wisely bibbed Ale. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxiii. 379 The frere with his fisik þis folke haþ enchaunted, And doþ men drynke dwale. c1480Crt. of Love 998 Aryse anon, quod she, whate? have ye dronken dwale? 1585Lupton Thous. Notable Th. (1675) 73 Dwale..makes one to sleep while he is cut, or burned by cauterizing. 1606Breton Ourania M ij, As one receiving Opium or Dwall, Deprived of vital sence doth deadly fall.
2. The Deadly Nightshade, Atropa Belladonna.
In early use sometimes applied to a species of Winter Cherry (Physalis somnifera), and perhaps to other plants of similar properties.
14..Receipts in Rel. Ant. I. 324 For to take alle maner of byrdys..take juse of dwale and menche the corne theryn; and ley yt ther the byrdes hawnten, and wher they have eten therof, they shalle slepe. c1440Promp. Parv. 134/1 Dwale, herbe, morella sompnifera, vel mortifera. 1538Turner Libellus, Dwale, Solanum soporiferum. 1552Huloet, Dwale, herbe hauynge a redde berrye within a bladder lyke a cherye, alkakengi. 1597Gerarde Herbal ii. li. §1. 269 Dwale or sleeping nightshade hath round blackish stalks sixe foote high. 1608R. Johnson Seven Champ. ii. M iv, As heavy a sleepe as if they had drunke the juyce of dwaile or the seede of poppie. 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. IV. 71 Dwale, or Deadly Nightshade.
†3. In Her. sometimes used for sable. Obs.
1562Leigh Armorie (1597) 100 b, For Azure, perwinke: for Sable, dwale. 1727–51Chambers Cycl., Dwale, or dwal in heraldry..used by such as blazon with flowers and herbs, instead of colours and metals, for sable, or black. |