| 释义 |
sweep-
the verb-stem in combination.
1. In attrib. relation to the second element. (In some of these the first element may be sweep n.) sweep-bar = sway-bar (see sway-); sweep-board (see quot.); sweep-brush, a brush used by paperhangers for smoothing paper as it is laid on; sweep hand = sweep second(s hand; sweep-head a., applied to a miner's pick with a curved head; sweep-panelled a., ? having curved panels; sweep-piece Shipbuilding, sweep-plate (see quots.); sweep-rake, (a) see quot. 1884; (b) a wheeled frame with long teeth for sweeping up crops lying in swath; sweep-rod, a long rod operating as a lever; sweep-rope = sweep n. 30; sweep-saw, a saw adapted for cutting sweeps or curves; a bow-saw, turning-saw; sweep second(s (hand) orig. U.S. = centre-second(s s.v. centre, center n. and a. 19; hence sweep-seconds watch; sweep-seine, = sweep-net 1; hence sweep-seining, the use of a sweep-seine; sweep-slide = sweep-piece; sweep-table [= F. table à balais], = sweeping-table (sweeping vbl. n. 3); † sweep tail, a long sweeping tail; sweep wire, a wire used in sweeping for something under water; sweep-work, curved work. See also sweep-net.
1802James Milit. Dict., *Sweep-bar, of a waggon, is that which is fixed on the hind part of the fore guide, and passes under the hind pole, which slides upon it. 1876Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict., Sweep Bar, the rear bar of a siege howitzer limber (O.P.), which connects the futchels.
1911Webster s.v. Strickle, The strickle is drawn laterally along a guideway, or rotated with a vertical spindle. In the latter case it is more commonly called *sweepboard or striking board.
1901J. Black's Carp. & Build., Home Handicr. 77 The *sweep brush or smoothing roller is taken from the apron pocket and smooths the paper on to the ceiling progressively.
1948Wrist Watches, Pocket Watches & Clocks iii. 185 Watch stops... This may be caused by..*sweep hand rubbing on dial. 1967R. Meyers Dolphin Rider (1968) i. 22 Henries..listened while he watched the sweep hand of his watch. 1977Times Lit. Suppl. 24 June 779/1 The sweep hand of my watch is there in order to make seconds easier to read.
1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining, *Sweep-head Pick, a pick the form of the head of which is made curved instead of elbowed or anchored, as other kinds are termed.
1843C. J. C. Davidson Trav. Upper India ix. II. 209 Buggies, full, half, or *sweep-panelled.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Sweep-piece, a block at the bottom of the port-sill for receiving the chock of the gun-carriage, and to aid in training the gun.
1851Greenwell Coal-trade Terms Northumb. & Durh. 54 *Sweep-plates, curved plates for laying barrow⁓way round a turn.
1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl., *Sweep Rake, the rake that clears the table of a self rake reaper. 1910Encycl. Brit. XIII. 108/1 An American invention known as the sweep rake was introduced..into England in 1894.
1867W. W. Smyth Coal & Coal-mining 184 When pumps are to be worked, it is usually by *sweep-rods passing from the crank on the main shaft to quadrants or bell-cranks at the shaft mouth.
1848Jal Gloss. Naut., *Sweep-rope, corde employée à draguer les objets restés au fond de la mer.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 728 The turning-saw, or *sweep-saw..also called the frame-saw, or bow-saw.
1948Wrist Watches, Pocket Watches & Clocks ii. 154 Remove *sweep seconds hand. 1953W. J. Gazeley Watch & Clock Making iii. 48 Nowadays..we have what are termed sweep-seconds watches. At one time these were referred to as centre-seconds. 1962E. Bruton Dict. Clocks & Watches 170 Sweep seconds, American name for centre seconds. 1962J. D. MacDonald Girl, Gold Watch, & Everything viii. 101 Uncle Omar's gold watch..had an hour hand, a minute hand and a sweep second hand. 1969Guardian 20 Aug. 7/1 All the clocks..have a sweep second hand. 1979Sci. Amer. May 145/1 A sweep second hand on a wristwatch will also serve.
1856Olmsted Slave States 351 The shad and herring fisheries upon the sounds and inlets of the North Carolina coast..The largest *sweep seines in the world are used.
1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 353/1 She mounts two 84 pounders bow and stern, on *sweep slides.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 816 At the upper part of these five *sweep tables, the materials which are to undergo washing are agitated in two boxes..by small paddle-wheels.
1686Lond. Gaz. No. 2190/4 A Bay Nag with a *Sweep Tail.
1909Westm. Gaz. 15 July 7/1 The torpedo boat No. 99 has been anchored to her by *sweep wires.
1847Smeaton Builder's Man. 93 In bending and glueing-up stuff for *sweep-work.
2. With the second element in objective relation: sweep-all nonce-wd., one who ‘sweeps up’ or appropriates all, = sweepstake 1; sweep-chimney Obs. or dial., a chimney-sweeper; † sweep-gallery, -house, a person employed to sweep a gallery or a house, a menial servant; † sweep-street, (a) ? one whose long garments sweep the street; (b) a street-sweeper.
1695J. Edwards Author. O. & N. Test. III. 583 The avaritious and extorting Pretor of Sicily is by Tully call'd Verrens, *Sweep-all.
1657Baxter Min. agst. Malign. §12. 6, I would be a Plow-man,..if not a *sweep-Chimney, rather then a Minister. 1716M. Davies Athen. Brit. III. 87 It [sc. a conduit of stone for water] serves only for Sweep-Chimneys to stand by,..and therefore vulgarly call'd Sweep-Chimneys-Hall. 1826Times 5 Jan. 3/4 He was a sweep-chimney by profession. 1858Hughes Scour. White Horse v. 94 Amongst 'em a sweep chimley and a millurd.
1705in Ushaw Mag. (1903) Dec. 299 Bernard ye *sweepgallery.
1621Sir S. D'Ewes in College Life t. Jas. I, iii. (1851) 50 Two base *sweep-houses belonging to him, who were recusants.
1553Bale Vocacyon 43 They are but pilde peltinge prestes,..though they be sir *Swepestretes, maistre doctours, and lorde bishoppes. 1612tr. Benvenuto's Passenger ii. i. 423 Shoomakers, Woodmongers, Sweepe-streetes [orig. Spaza camini], Faulkners.
3. With advbs.: sweepback Aeronaut., the form of an aircraft wing that is angled backwards, so that the part farther from the fuselage is aft of the nearer part; the angle made by such a wing with a line at right angles to the fuselage; sweep-forward Aeronaut., the form of an aircraft wing that is angled forwards, so that the part further from the fuselage is forward of the nearer part; sweep-out, an act of sweeping out; (U.S. colloq.) a clearance or purge.
1914Aeroplane 19 Mar. 308/1 Owing to the *sweep back on the wings the side area of these struts may be regarded as taking the place of tail fins. 1918H. J. Stephens Gloss. Aeronaut. Words (ed. 2) 36 Sweepback, the angle at which the planes slope backwards each side of the fuselage. 1939Aircraft Engin. Apr. 159/3 The basic characteristic of sweepback on a rectangular wing would appear to be an early stalling of the tips which may or may not produce greater lateral stability. 1968Miller & Sawers Technical Devel. Mod. Aviation vi. 204 The slightly greater sweep-back of the 707's wing means that it takes off at a greater angle of attack. 1977Jrnl. R. Soc. Arts CXXV. 349/2 We can use the improved methods..to reduce wing sweepback (thus improving take-off and landing).
1932Technical Rep. Aeronaut. Res. Committee 1930–1 I. 39 *Sweep-forward increases the maximum lift and considerably delays the stall. 1953M. Rauscher Introd. Aeronaut. Dynamics ix. 378 A wing without pronounced sweep-back or sweep-forward. 1975L. J. Clancy Aerodynamics xvi. 532 Sweep forward would have a de-stabilizing effect.
1947Sun (Baltimore) 16 Aug. 12/8 Governor Lane has ordered a *sweep-out at the Board of Supervisors of Elections... About 30 places on the pay roll..are slated to be pulled out from under employés who are on the wrong side of the Democratic factional fence. 1978Detroit Free Press 6 Apr. e 5/3 A total of 47 rookies won jobs this season, reflecting a lot of dead wood on the rosters. ‘Next year’, predicts our source, ‘will see an even bigger sweep-out.’ |