| 释义 |
ˌsuperinˈtendency
Also 6–7 -encie, 7 -ancie, 7–8 -ancy.
[ad. med.L. superintendentia, f. superintendent-, -ens superintendent: see -ency.]
1. The office or position of a superintendent; the function, authority, or right of superintending; the exercise of this function, superintendence. Const. of, † above, over (that which is controlled).
a. in reference to a definite business, institution, etc.
1598Barret Theor. Warres ii. i. 19 The Superintendencie thereof [sc. the munitions] resteth in him [sc. the Sergeant Major]. 1602J. Clapham Hist. Gt. Brit. ii. ii. v. (1606) 221 The Britans (imagining that he..would.., being settled in a superintendency over them,..despise them). a1617Hieron Wks. (1620) II. 441 The Pope and his faction challenge a superintendency aboue Kings, all must be subiect vnto him, and he to no body. 1649Milton Eikon. xiii. 133 Arch-Presbytery..claiming to it self a Lordly power and Superintendency both over Flocks and Pastors. 1697Collier Ess. Mor. Subj. i. v. 193 We find from S. Paul, that one reason of his giving Titus the super-intendency of Crete was, to ordain Elders in every City. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. xlvii. II. 176 She was then honoured with the Superintendency of his Majesty's Confectionary. 1768Blackstone Comm. iii. vi. 81 The courts at Westminster-hall have a concurrent jurisdiction with these, or else a super-intendency over them. 1845Ld. Campbell Chancellors xxiv. (1857) VI. 99 The Court of Chancery, the guardian of all infants, with the superintendency and cognizance of all trusts. 1845Stephen Comm. Laws Eng. (1874) I. 67 The courts of common law have the superintendency over these courts. 1882Rep. to Ho. Repr. Prec. Met. U.S. 153 The Santiago mill..had a large..business under the superintendency of Donald McKay.
b. in general sense: often as an attribute of the Divine Being.
1641Earl of Monmouth tr. Biondi's Civil Wars iii. 100 By which actions having..freed himselfe from the superintendencie of others. 1679J. Goodman Penit. Pard. iii. ii. (1713) 297 The special superintendency, guidance and influence of his Holy Spirit. 1682Howe Self-dedication Ep. Ded. (1702) A 3, It looks like an Artifice and Contrivance of Providence..that it might indear to you its Accurate superintendency over your Life. 1709Steele Tatler No. 135 ⁋3 The Superintendency of Providence. 1882Farrar Early Chr. 219 The grace of superintendency was at work.
2. A district (spec. in the Lutheran Church, a collection of parishes) under the charge of a superintendent; in China, one of the administrative divisions of the country.
1762tr. Busching's Syst. Geog. VI. 340 The ten parishes in it constitute a particular superintendency. 1847tr. Bunsen's Ch. Future vi. 151 The superintendencies..coincide most happily with those minor divisions of the country, established by the Prussian code. 1896Westm. Gaz. 13 Nov. 8/3 Ten millions will be furnished by the Tsung-li-Yamen from the last loan, and the Northern and Southern superintendencies will furnish three millions and seven millions respectively. |