| 释义 |
superfluˈidity Physics.
[super- 10.]
The property of flowing without viscosity or friction which, with other exceptional properties, is exhibited by the isotopes of liquid helium below certain temperatures; an analogous property of other collections of particles (as the electrons in a superconductor) that exhibit quantum effects on a macroscopic scale.
1938Physical Rev. LIV. 952/2 The transport properties..of liquid helium, when passing the λ-point actually change in a very conspicuous manner; thus one speaks of a ‘superfluidity’ and of a ‘super-heat-conductivity’. 1955H. B. G. Casimir in W. Pauli Niels Bohr 131 The Bose-Einstein gas is the only model known at present that leads to macroscopic wave functions at finite temperatures and the super-fluidity of liquid helium has almost certainly something to do with this model. 1967New Scientist 25 May 454/1 In superconductivity, as in its counterpart superfluidity, we are faced with phenomena that are quite outside our ordinary physical experience. 1975Rev. Mod. Physics XLVII. 430/1 Observation of fourth sound [in 3He] proves the existence of superfluidity. 1976Sci. Amer. Dec. 56/1 Under the name of superconductivity, superfluidity is also displayed by the conduction electrons in a great many metals and alloys. |