| 释义 |
ˈsubspecies Chiefly Nat. Hist.
[mod.L.; cf. F. sous-espèce.]
A subdivision of a species; a more or less permanent variety of a species.
1699W. Dampier Voy. (1703) III. 75 There are..four sorts of these long-leg'd Fowls..as so many Sub-Species of the same Kind; viz. Crab catchers, Clocking-Hens [etc.]. 1807Aikin Dict. Chem. & Min. II. 13/2 Arseniat of Lead. Of this there are two subspecies. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. ii. 51 No clear line of demarcation has as yet been drawn between species and sub-species..or, again, between sub-species and well-marked varieties, or between lesser varieties and individual differences. 1871― Desc. Man i. vii. I. 227 Some naturalists have lately employed the term ‘sub-species’ to designate forms which possess many of the characteristics of true species, but which hardly deserve so high a rank. 1880Wallace Isl. Life xvi. 339 A few flowering plants which, as varieties or sub-species, are apparently peculiar to our islands. 1881J. C. Morrison in Encycl. Brit. (ed. 9) XII. 19/1 Verse narrative..is..a sub⁓species by itself. 1898Atlantic Monthly LXXXII. 492/1 Carolina snow-birds and mountain solitary vireos, two varieties (‘subspecies’ is the more modern word) originally described a few years ago.
Hence ˌsubspeciˈation [cf. speciation], the evolutionary development of a subspecies or of subspecies.
1942E. Mayr Systematics & Origin of Species vii. 169 Subspeciation, that is geographic variation, has acutally brought about the formation of unquestionably new species of birds. 1952E. O. Dodson Texbk. Evolution xvi. 314 Subspeciation is the ordinary prerequisite to speciation in the neo-Darwinian scheme. 1956Peterson & Fisher Wild America iii. 43 Roger nearly always starts a difficult subject, like..subspeciation, when I'm threading my way through the stickiest London traffic. 1978Nature 22 June 603/1 Four species [of Plasmodium]..are stipulated, three of which exhibit subspeciation. |