| 释义 |
subsidiary, a. and n.|səbˈsɪdɪərɪ|
[ad. L. subsidiārius, f. subsidium: see subsidium. Cf. F. subsidiaire, It. sussidiario, Sp., Pg. subsidiario.]
A. adj.
1. a. Serving to help, assist, or supplement; furnishing assistance or supplementary supplies; auxiliary, tributary, supplementary. (Chiefly of things.)
1543Joye G. J. confuteth Winch. Art. fol. ij, Iustified by thonelye faith in him, and by nothing els as by any subsydiary attaynment..vnto this full iustificacion in christe. 1613R. C. Table Alph., Subsidiarie, that is giuen or set to aide another. 1615Crooke Body of Man 74 A bloud⁓like vapor which returneth into the veines, and so becommeth for want of better, a subsidiarie nourishment of the partes. 1627Donne Serm. xliv. (1640) 442 In these subsidiary gods, these occasional gods, there could be no Omnipotence, no Almightinesse. 1688Holme Armoury iii. iii. 64/1 A Suffragan Bishop, or Subsidiary Bishop. 1731Arbuthnot Aliments vi. viii. (1735) 235 Howsoever they [sc. bitter Substances] may be acceptable to some one Part, that is..that they are a sort of subsidiary Gall. 1776Adam Smith W.N. v. iii. II. 545 [A sinking fund] is a subsidiary fund always at hand to be mortgaged in aid of any other doubtful fund. 1805–17R. Jameson Char. Min. 159 The decrements on these last faces are considered as subsidiary, to favour the action of the principal decrement. 1832Brewster Nat. Magic v. (1833) 110 The inflammation..of the ignited gas will be sustained by these four subsidiary flames. 1864Bowen Logic vi. 150 Concerning the nature of the objects delivered by the Subsidiary Faculties. 1872Yeats Techn. Hist. Comm. 211 We must mention the development of printing and the subsidiary art of paper-making. 1903Daily Chron. 26 Oct. 3/5 Bishop Subsidiary of Caerleon.
b. Const. to.
1663Waterhouse Comm. Fortescue's De Laud. Legum Angliæ 398 The Commoners of England being landed, are so subsidiary to their Princes and Laws in all kindes of aide and duty. 1679Evelyn Sylva (ed. 3) To Rdr. A 3 An infinity of solitary, and loose Experiments subsidiary to it. a1740Waterland Enq. conc. Inf. Commun. v, As soon as Baptism became impaired, the Use of the Eucharist ought to come in as subsidiary, or supplemental to it. 1836Keble Serm. viii. (1848) 200 A system of tradition, subsidiary to the Scriptures, might yet exist in the commonwealth or city of God. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. v. 380 This was his first object, to which every other was subsidiary. 1868M. Pattison Academ. Org. v. 122 The College is subsidiary to the University. 1875Gladstone Glean. VI. xxxix. 130 No ritual is too much, provided it is subsidiary to the inner work of worship.
c. Technical uses.
subsidiary cells (Bot.): certain epidermal cells which are less thickened or situated lower than the guard-cells which they surround. subsidiary coin: coins of the lower denominations; U.S. silver coinage of lower denomination than the dollar. subsidiary company, a company controlled by a holding company. Cf. B 2 c (b). subsidiary goal (Polo): see quot. 1899. subsidiary quantity or subsidiary symbol (Math.): see quot. 1842.
1842Penny Cycl. XXIII. 196 Subsidiary. A quantity or symbol is so called when it is not essentially a part of a problem, but is introduced to help in the solution. The term is particularly applied to angles, since the trigonometrical tables give a great power over their management, which causes their frequent introduction. 1863Fawcett Pol. Econ. iii. xv. (1876) 480 Our copper and silver money are to be regarded as subsidiary coinage. 1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. 45 The superficial stomata first developed are surrounded by several partitioned zones of subsidiary cells. 1899J. M. Brown's Polo 377 (Badm. Libr.), A subsidiary goal is obtained in the same way as a true goal, except that to score a subsidiary goal the ball must pass between the subsidiary goal mark and the goal-post which is nearest to it. Subsidiary goals are to be measured 11 feet from each goal-post on the outside. 1916F. G. Underhay Income Tax 272 (Index), Subsidiary company. 1928Daily Mail 25 July 18/6 The net dividends received from the Subsidiary Companies amounted to {pstlg}24,808 1s. 11d. 1970M. Greener Penguin Dict. Commerce 170 A subsidiary company must state in its accounts the name of its ultimate holding company and the country where this is incorporated.
d. Of a stream: Tributary. Similarly of a valley.
1834Pringle Afr. Sk. vii. 246 We slept one night at the mouth of a subsidiary dell. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. ii. i, All manner of subsidiary streams and brooks of bitterness flowing in. 1845McCulloch Acc. Brit. Empire (1854) I. 39 The subsidiary streams that fall into the Trent. 1914Sir J. French Disp. 8 Oct. in Times 19 Oct. 9/6 The general plateau on the south is divided by a subsidiary valley of much the same character, down which the small River Vesle flows to the main stream.
2. With the notion of helping or supplementing weakened or obscured: Subordinate, secondary.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. (1858) 171 The others are only subsidiary species, or slight varieties. 1867J. Hogg Microsc. i. ii. 68 When any system of waves meets with an obstacle, subsidiary systems of undulation will be formed. 1875Whitney Life Lang. ix. 166 Its legion of subsidiary dialectic forms. 1883R. H. Scott Elem. Meteorol. 380 Lesser eddies are found on the outskirts of the original depression... At times these latter ‘secondary’, ‘subsidiary’, or ‘satellite’ depressions, as they are called, develop greater energy than their primaries.
3.
†a. Consisting of a subsidy or subsidies.
1608Willet Hexapla Exod. Ded. 1 That honourable assemblie hath..presented to your Maiestie a subsidiarie beneuolence. 1637Saltonstall Eusebius' Constantine 7 The most royall Emperour after their departure, summoned those againe that had sent in their Subsidiary money. 1640Culpepper in Rushw. Hist. Coll. (1692) I. 34 As soon as the House was setled, a Subsidiary Aid and Supply was propounded.
b. Depending on a subsidy or subsidies: in subsidiary treaty (cf. subsidy 3 b, 4).
1755H. Walpole Lett. (1840) III. 158 All the world revolted against subsidiary treaties. 1902Encycl. Brit. (ed. 10) XXIX. 453/2 Lord Wellesley introduced that system of subsidiary treaties which has played so important a part in the expansion of British dominion.
c. Maintained or retained by subsidies.
1802C. James Milit. Dict., Subsidiary Troops, troops of one nation assisting those of another for a given sum or subsidy. 1864Burton Scot Abr. I. iii. 134 Both the British countries were in some measure subsidiary and protected states.
B. n.
†1. The levy of a subsidy. Obs. rare—1.
1592Greene Upst. Courtier (1871) 4 Their fathers were not above three pounds in the Kings books at a Subsidiary.
2. a. A subsidiary thing; something which furnishes assistance or additional supplies; an aid, auxiliary. Now rare.
1603Florio Montaigne ii. xii. 255 These considerations ought to be applied and employed to our beleefe, but as Subsidiaries. a1660Hammond Serm. (Phil. iv. 13) Wks. 1684 IV. 573 Which deceitful consideration drew on Pelagius himself, that was first only for nature, at last to take in one after another, five Subsidiaries more. 1697Evelyn Numismata vii. 251 Images of the Gods and Goddesses, with other Subsidiaries. a1706― Mem. (1819) II. 206, I.. shall not be able to do it with any satisfaction, unless yr Lop favour me with the com'unication of the subsidiaries in yr cabinet. 1796Burney Mem. Metastasio I. 327 If, in despight of so many subsidiaries, you should be of a different opinion. 1808H. More Cœlebs xxiii, As to the lectures..they may be doubtless made very useful subsidiaries to instruction. 1824L. Murray Engl. Gram. (ed. 5) I. 64 All other sorts of words must be regarded as subsidiaries.
b. An assistant.
1807Robinson Archæol. Græca i. xiii. 58 The number of senators was again augmented... To these fifty a similar number of subsidiaries was added. 1881Blackw. Mag. Apr. 507 The building is occupied by three priests and a few subsidiaries.
c. Technical uses: (a) Mus. A theme of inferior importance, subordinate to the first or second subject. (b) Stock Exchange. A subsidiary company. (c) Polo. A subsidiary goal.
1883Grove's Dict. Mus. s.v., In some cases a Subsidiary acquires so much importance in the working out as to rank as a third subject. 1898Westm. Gaz. 22 Mar. 8/2 The whole question of the value of Randfontein lies..in the way its numerous subsidiaries turn out. 1901Ibid. 14 Jan. 9/1 The shares of the Corporation, which then stood at 1s. 1½d., now stand at 6d., and it wants its shareholders to take the shares of these subsidiaries and provide more hard cash. 1903Daily Chron. 27 Jan. 5/6 Three goals two subsidiaries to six goals two subsidiaries.
†3. A subsidized state. Obs.
1756Monitor No. 30. I. 275 The immense treasure paid for those subsidiaries, which by their treaties are engaged to cover Hanover, at the sole expence of Great Britain. |