| 释义 |
Stygian, a. and n.|ˈstɪdʒɪən|
Also 6 Stygion, 6–7 stigian, 7 stigean, (stageoun).
[f. L. Stygi-us (a. Gr. στύγιος, f. στυγ-: see Styx) + -an. Cf. F. Stygien.]
A. adj.
1. Pertaining to the river Styx, or, in wider sense, to the infernal regions of classical mythology.
Stygian Jove, Stygian Jupiter (= L. Juppiter Stygius): Pluto, the god of the lower world.
1566J. Studley Agam. 545 Wher as the stygion porter doth aduaunce with lustye crakes. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. vii. 27 If euer he transgrest the fatall Stygian lawes. 1594Kyd Cornelia iii. i. 138 It eyther turneth to the Stygian Lake, Or staies for euer in th' Elisian fields. 1602Narcissus (1893) 658 Stray, soule..vnto the Stingian [sic] strand. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. iii. ii. 10 Like a strange soule upon the Stygian bankes Staying for waftage. c1610J. Sempill in Sempill Ballatis (1872) 242, I sweere..by the stageoun stankes of hell, by which the gods do sweir. 1631R. Knevet Rhodon & Iris v. iii. H 3, Where..Thou mai'st a thousand heroicke soules send packing Vnto the Stygian shore. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 14 Thee [holy light] I re-visit now with bolder wing, Escap't the Stygian Pool, though long detain'd In that obscure sojourn. 1697Dryden æneis iv. 916 Thus will I pay my Vows, to Stygian Jove. 1827Hood Ode to Melancholy 49 Ay, let us think of Him a while, That, with a coffin for a boat, Rows daily o'er the Stygian moat. 1860Thackeray Lovel vi. (1861) 225 In that omnibus I had been carried over to t'other side of the Stygian Shore. I returned but as a passionless ghost. 1900Bridges Recoll. Solit. 49 Ere ye the mournful Stygian river crost.
transf. and fig.1600W. Watson Decacordon (1602) 46 As men inuolued in laberinths of errours, drowne themselues in the Stigean lake of their owne folly. 1802Britton & Brayley Beauties Eng. III. 111 The plain [near Solway Moss] that was covered by this stygian torrent, has since been reclaimed. 1879Farrar St. Paul I. ii. vii. 119 Content to wallow, like natural brute beasts, in the Stygian pool of a hideous immorality.
b. Of an oath: Supremely binding, inviolable like the oath by the Styx, which the gods themselves feared to break.
1608Chapman Byron's Trag. v. ii. P 3, His vowes And othes so Stygian. 1647H. More Philos. Poems 301 But O that envious Destinie, Or Stygian vow, or thrice accursed charm Should [etc.]. 1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. iii. xvi. (1716) 104 They [astrologers] Kill us not with Stygian Oaths and merciless necessity, but leave us hopes of evasion. Ibid. xix. 107 But Honest Men's Words are Stygian Oaths, and Promises inviolable.
2. Infernal, hellish.
1601R. Yarington Two Trag. iv. viii. in Bullen O. Pl. IV, We have such evidence, To ratifie your Stigian cruelty, That cannot be deluded any way. a1627Middleton Mayor Queenb. v. ii, If this be not the man, whose Stygian Soul Breath'd forth that counsel to me. 1635Quarles Emblems i. x, Sometime they whoop, sometimes their Stygian cries Send their black-Santos to the blushing skies. 1648W. Jenkyn Blind Guide i. 3, I know not one..left him to contend with for mastery in the..art of lying.., unlesse it be his stygian teacher. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. ii. 32 The broad gates of hell are opened, the rivers of fire and Stygian inundations run down as a swelling flood. 1663Dryden Wild Gallant i. ii, What a Stygian woman's this, to talk thus? 1667Milton P.L. x. 453 Amaz'd At that so sudden blaze the Stygian throng Bent thir aspect. 1784Cowper Task iii. 738 To be preferred to smoke, to the eclipse That Metropolitan volcanoes make, Whose Stygian throats breathe darkness all day long. 1876Hardy Ethelberta xxvii, But what Stygian sound was this?.. ‘We are close to a kennel of hounds,’ said Ethelberta.
3. Black as the river Styx; dark or gloomy as the region of the Styx.
1599Marston Antonio's Rev. i. i, Will I not turne a glorious bridall morne Unto a Stygian night? 1634Milton Comus 134 Mysterious Dame, That ne're art call'd, but when the Dragon woom Of Stygian darknes spets her thickest gloom. 1742Young Nt. Th. vi. 80 Life In stronger thread of brighter colour spun..; dipt by cruel fate In Stygian dye, how black, how brittle here! 1814Wordsw. Laodamia 66 The conscious Parcæ threw Upon those roseate lips a Stygian hue. 1876Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Immortality Wks. (Bohn) III. 277 Swedenborg..announced many things true and admirable, though always clothed in somewhat sad and Stygian colours. 1910Bible in World Jan. 28/1 Old prints show us the Irwell, whose stygian waters are now walled in.., flowing through green fields and wooded banks.
†4. Stygian water, Stygian liquor [tr. mod.L. aqua Stygia]: in Old Chemistry, a name for nitrohydrochloric acid and other strong mineral acids. Also applied to virulent poisons. Stygian liquor (jocularly): a black nauseous drink. Obs.
1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 220 In the evening many Mussulmen assemble to sip a sort of Stigian liquour; a black, thick, bitter potion, brewed out of Bunchie or Bunnu berries. a1661Boyle Cert. Physiol. Ess. iv. (1669) 140 Upon the mixture of these two Liquors there also obtrudes it self upon the Sense a very strong and offensive smell..which perhaps occasion'd some Chymists to call a Menstruum (wherein that nitrous spirit and smell is predominant) the Stygian water. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Stygian Liquors, are Acid Spirits, so call'd by Chymists, from their Power to destroy or dissolve Mixt Bodies. 1797W. Johnston tr. Beckmann's Invent. I. 100 The means Mr. Bell employed to analyse these stygian drops. Ibid. 101 That there are more kinds than one of this stygian water. Ibid. II. 44 The horns of a Scythian animal, in which the Stygian water that destroyed every other vessel could be contained.
B. n. A dweller by the Styx. nonce-use.
1860Thackeray Round. Papers, Dessein's, And so..even among these Stygians this envy and quarrelsomeness..survive? |