| 释义 |
diˈffusionist
[f. diffusion + -ist.]
One who adheres to a theory of diffusion. Also attrib. or as adj. Cf. diffusion 3 b.
1893Athenæum 25 Nov. 736/3 The most strenuous advocate of the diffusionist theory [of folk-tales]. 1926Encycl. Brit. III. 566/2 As substitutes for the ‘evolutionary’ syntheses.., several ‘diffusionist’ schemes have been elaborated. 1931Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Mar. 167/2 The diffusionist school..has done good work..by attempting the stratigraphical analysis of a given ‘culture-complex’. 1934Nature 12 May 707/2 Other schools, the ‘diffusionists’, the ‘functionalists’, [etc.]. 1946J. S. Huxley Unesco ii. 46 The diffusionists on the one hand and on the other their opponents who believe in parallel and independent evolution of cultural patterns. 1951E. E. Evans-Pritchard Social Anthropol. iii. 46 The so-called evolutionary theories..were attacked from two directions, the diffusionist and the functionalist. Ibid., Those who became known as diffusionist anthropologists. Ibid. 47 Diffusionist anthropology is still predominant in America. 1961L. Mumford City in History iii. 91 The old diffusionists, like G. Elliott Smith, who jumped too quickly at an answer, cast discredit on the question.
Hence diˈffusionism Anthropol., the theory that all or most cultural similarities are due to diffusion.
1937R. H. Lowie Hist. Ethnol. Theory xi. 186 We..concede..some of the strong points of German diffusionism. a1942B. Malinowski Sci. Theory Culture (1944) iii. 21 The basis of diffusionism must be a correct identification of cultural realities plotted on the map. |