| 释义 |
▪ I. despise, v.|dɪˈspaɪz|
Also 4–5 dispice, 4–6 des-, dispyse, 4–7 dispise, 5 dess-, disspice, 5–6 dyspyse.
[f. stem despis- of OF. despire (despis-ant, qu'il despise, etc.), also despiss-, despisc-, despiç-:—L. dēspicĕre to look down (upon), f. de- I. 1 + specĕre to look. (There was also a later OF. despicer, despiser, after the L. verb.) The s was originally spirant in F. and Eng., whence the spelling -ice.]
1. trans. To look down upon; to view with contempt; to think scornfully or slightingly of.
1297R. Glouc. (1724) 31 Þou ne louest me noȝt..Ac despisest me in myn olde liue. 1393Langl P. Pl. C. iii. 84 To be prynces of prude and pouerte to dispice. c1400Apol. Loll. 6 Crist seiþ..he þat dispiciþ ȝow dispisiþ Me. 1483Cath. Angl. 101 To Disspice: contempnere. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. iii. ii. 235 This you should pitie, rather then despise. 1601Weever Mirr. Mart., Sir J. Oldcastle F iij b, Thus fooles admire what wisest men despiseth. 1611Bible Isa. liii. 3 He is despised and reiected of men, a man of sorrows, and acquainted with griefe. 1701De Foe Trueborn Eng. i. 178 These are the Heroes that despise the Dutch. 1724― Mem. Cavalier (1840) 43 This was not an enemy to be despised. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 153 The foremost men of the eighteenth century despised Joan of Arc..for the same reason which made them despise Gothic architecture. Mod. A salary not to be despised, as things go.
†b. with inf. or clause. To scorn or disdain to do, that. Obs.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 231/2 They dyspyseden to make sacrefyse. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 285 b, You denyed and despysed to come. 1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. (1864) 32 Despisand to do as the servand of God Samuel commandit him. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. xx. §2 Men have despised to be conversant in ordinary and common matters. 1621Lady M. Wroth Urania 164 Thus the strange Princesse departed..dispising any passion but loue should dare to thinke of ruling in her.
†2. intr. To look down (on, upon; up, above).
a1325Prose Psalter liii[i] 7 Myn eȝe despised vp myn enemys [Vulg. = super inimicos meos despexit]. 1388Wyclif ibid., Myn iȝe dispiside on myn enemyes. a1400Prymer (1891) 30 A bouen myn enemyes despisede myn eye.
†3. trans. To exhibit contempt for; to treat with contempt in word or action. Obs.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xv. 54 Aȝein such salomon speketh and dispiseth her wittes. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. Prol. 135 (Fairfax MS.) To singe of him, and in hir song dispyse The foule cherl. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 127/2 The poure man..began to chyde and dyspyse hym in his vysage by cause he had no more almesse. 1557N. T. (Genev.) Luke xxiii. 11 And Herode..with his men of warre, despised him, and mocked hym. [So Wyclif, Tindale, etc.; Rhem. and 1611, set him at naught.]
†b. fig. Of things: To set at nought, disregard.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvi. viii. (1495) 557 Though the adamas..dyspyse fyre and yren: yet it is broke wyth newe hote blode. c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 170 In bareine lande to sette or foster vynes Dispiseth alle the labour and expence. 1666Stillingfl. Serm. Fire Lond. Wks. 1710 I. 6 [The fire]..despised all the resistance [which] could be made by the strength of the buildings. [‘To look upon; contemplate’. An error of mod. Dicts.] ▪ II. † deˈspise, n. Obs.
[prob. a. OF. despiz, despis, nom. of despit, despite, but taking the form of an Engl. deriv. of despise v.]
= despite; contempt, despising.
c1440Promp. Parv. 120 Despyse [MSS. K.H.P. despyte], contemptus, despeccio. 1507Communyc. A iij, Man what doost thou with all thyse..Whiche is to me a great despyse. 1586B. Young Guazzo's Civ. Conv. iv. 226 b, Occasion of despise and laughter. |