| 释义 |
▪ I. depart, v.|dɪˈpɑːt|
Also 3–6 departe, 5–6 deperte, 6–7 Sc. depairt. pa. pple. 4–5 depart(e, 6 Sc. depairt.
[a. OF. depart-ir (depp-, desp-, dip-) = Pr. departir, Sp., Pg. departer, desparter, It. di-, dis-partire, spartire, Rom. compound of de- or dis- (des-) + partīre, for L. dispertīre to divide, f. dis- + partīre to part, divide. See de- I. 6.]
I. To divide or part, with its derived senses.
†1. trans. To divide into parts, dispart. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. (1724) 394 Hii departede vorst her ost as in foure partye. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 27 Þis werke I departe and dele in seuene bookes. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xi. 43 Þe ȝerde of Moyses, with þe whilk he departid þe Reed See. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 219 Departe thy tyme prudently on thre. 1551Turner Herbal i. (1568) H iv a, Leues..very deply indentyd, euen to the very synewes whiche depart the myde leues.
†b. intr. To divide, become divided. Obs.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 63 Þe Rede see [i.e. Arabian Sea] streccheþ forþ, and departeþ in tweie mouthes and sees. Þat oon is i-cleped Persicus..þat oþer is i-cleped Arabicus. 1548–77Vicary Anat. v. (1888) 37 [The sinews] depart agayne into two, and eche goeth into one eye.
†c. Her. See departed 2. Obs.
†2. trans. To divide or part among persons, etc.; to distribute, partition, deal out; to divide with others, or among themselves, to share; sometimes (with the notion of division more or less lost, as in deal v.) to bestow, impart. Obs.
a1340Hampole Psalter xxi. 18 Þai departid to þaim my clathes. 1388Wyclif Prov. xi. 24 Sum men departen her own thingis, and ben maad richere. c1430Lydg. Bochas i. x. (1544) 21 a, This Kingdom..Should haue be departed of right betwene us twein. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 76 b/2 Yf thou haue but lytyl, yet studye to gyue and to departe therof gladly. c1530H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1868) 103 Be content to departe to a man wylling to learne suche thinges as thou knowest. 1557N. T. (Genev.) John xix. 24 They departed my rayment among them. 1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. 55 a, He departed with him both money and other rewards. 1651Reliq. Wotton. 22 He could depart his affection between two extremes.
†b. To deal (blows). Obs. rare.
c1477Caxton Jason 16 b, Whan the kyng apperceyued that Jason departed suche strokes.
†c. absol. To share, partake (with a person in a thing). Obs.
c1440Generydes 3418, I shall..in wurchippe the avaunce, And largely departe with the also. 1499Plumpton Corr. 137, I am willing to depart with him in lands & in goods. 1549Coverdale Erasm. Par. 2 Cor. viii. 14 Whyles eche of you departeth with other, so that neyther of you lacke anye thyng.
†3. trans. To put asunder, sunder, separate, part. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. (1724) 466 King Lowis..And Elianore is quene, vor kunrede departed were. 1393Gower Conf. II. 129 That deth shuld us departe attwo. c1400Mandeville (1839) iii. 16 A gret Hille, that men clepen Olympus, that departeth Macedonye and Trachye. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 265 Departe liȝtli þe tooþ and þe fleisch of þe gomis. 1483Caxton G. de la Tour D j, That god hath ioyned man may not departe. c1530Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 67 There began a great and a sore batayle betwene these two knightes. And Arthur dyd his payne..to depart them. 1548–9(Mar.) Bk. Com. Prayer, Matrimony, Till death vs departe [altd. 1662 to do part]. 1601Downf. Earl Huntington ii. ii. in Hazl. Dodsley VIII. 134 The world shall nat depart us till we die. a1677Barrow Serm. (1810) I. 199 The closest union here cannot last longer than till death us depart.
†b. To sever or separate (a thing) from (another).
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 3710 Þai er..Departed halely fra þe body of Criste. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 10 It is unpossible to departe þo qualitees from bodies. Ibid. 142 Whanne a membre is depertid from þe bodi. 1526Tindale Rom. viii. 39 To departe [so Cranmer and 1557 Geneva; Rhem. and 1611separate] us from Goddes love. 1574T. Hill Planting 78 You must translate them, and depart them farther from other. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. x. 14 Which Seuerne now from Logris doth depart.
†c. To separate in perception or thought; to discern apart, distinguish. Obs.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 340 As þes þree persones of God ben o God..so alle dedes and werkes of þe Trinite mai not be departid from oþer. 1485Caxton Chas. Gt. 248 We..had egally departed his good dedes and his euyl. c1510More Picus Wks. 2/2 Straunge tokens..departing (as it wer) and..seuering the cradles of such speciall chyldren fro the company of other of the common sorte.
†d. intr. To separate, make separation. Obs.
1388Wyclif Isa. lix. 2 Ȝoure wickednesses han departid bitwixe ȝou and ȝoure God. 1480Caxton Descr. Brit. 8 The Seuarn departed somtyme bitwene Englond and Wales.
†e. Old Chem. To separate a metal from an alloy or a solution.
1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. s.v., Depart farther, and get your Silver out of the Aqua Fortis. 1751Chambers Cycl. s.v., The water of the first recipient serves for the first operation of departing, and the rest for the subsequent ones.
†4. trans. To sever, break off, dissolve (a connexion or the like). Obs.
c1386Chaucer Frankl. T. 804, I have wel lever ever to suffre woo, Than I departe the love bytwix yow tuo. c1400Apol. Loll 70 Mariage mad in þrid & ferd degre..is so confermid þat it mai not be departid. 1470–85Malory Arthur viii. xxxviii, Ye departed the loue bitwene me and my wyf. 15..Hacket Treas. of Amadis 274 So sweete and so faithfull a conjunction can not be departed without a great heart breaking. 1579Twyne Phisicke agst. Fortune ii. lvii. 233 b, With staues to depart their nightly conflictes.
†b. intr. (for refl.) Of a connexion, etc.: To be severed, dissolved, or broken off. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce ii. 169 Thusgat maid thai thar aquentance That neuir syne..Departyt quhill thai lyffand war. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xx. 138 Thanne cam coueityse..For a mantel of menyuere, he made lele matrimonye Departen ar deth cam, and deuors shupte. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. lxxxi. 103 Than the bysshoppe sayd, Sirs, than our company shall depart.
II. To go apart or away, with its derived senses.
The perfect tenses (intr.) were formerly formed with be: cf. is gone.
†5. intr. To go asunder; to part or separate from each other, to take leave of each other. Obs.
c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 121/527 So departede þe court þo, and euerech to is In drouȝ. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 52 In luf þei departed, Hardknout home went. c1500Nut-Brown Maid 33, I here you saye farwel: nay, nay, we departe not soo sone. 1601Holland Pliny II. 208 The putrifaction of the flesh ready to depart from the bone. a1605Montgomerie Misc. Poems xxxix. 12 Adeu nou; be treu nou, Sen that we must depairt. 1641Hinde J. Bruen xlii. 133 So loth wee were to depart asunder.
6. intr. To go away (from a person or place); to take one's leave. (The current sense, but chiefly in literary use; to depart from = to leave.)
a1225[see departing vbl. n. 3 a]. c1340Cursor M. 11893 (Fairf.) Be þat we fra þe depart [earlier texts part]. a1340Hampole Psalter vi. 8 Departis fra me all þat wirkes wickednes. c1477Caxton Jason 68 He departed out of temple and also from Athenes. 1526Tindale John xvi. 7 Yf I departe, I will sende him vnto you. 1547–8Ordre of Commvnion 16 Then shall the Prieste..let the people depart. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 818 The Learned Leaches in Despair depart. 1841Lane Arab. Nts. I. 113 She then said to him, Depart, and return not hither.
b. To set out (on a journey), set forth, start. Opp. to arrive. (Now commonly to leave.)
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon i. 52 Whan the mornyng came, departed well erly from Parys the sayd Guenelon and his felawes. 1548Hall Chron. 208 b, He entered the ship with the other, which were redy to depart. 1625–6Purchas Pilgrimes II. 1081 The Negui was departed. And every man hastened to follow after. 1792C. Smith Desmond. III. 61 In case the Duke should be departed, he directs her instantly to set out for Paris. 1817W. Selwyn Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 969 If the ship did not depart from Portsmouth with convoy. Time-table. The train departs at 6.30.
†c. To go away to or into (a place); to go forth, pass, proceed, make one's way. Obs.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. (MS. A) 305 To defende þat mater schal not departe into al þe lyme. 1586B. Young Guazzo's Civ. Conv. iv. 227 He had a desire to depart home to his lodging. 1611Bible Matt. ii. 12 They departed into their owne countrey another way.
†d. to depart one's way: to go one's way. Obs.
1535Coverdale 1 Esdras ix. 51 Departe youre waye then, & eate the best, & drynke the swetest.
7. intr. To leave this world, decease, die, pass away. (Now only to depart from (this) life.)
1501Bury Wills (1850) 85 My body, if it happyt me to departe wtin vij. myle of gret Berkehamstede, to be buryed ther. 1526Tindale Luke ii. 29 Lorde, now lettest thou thy seruaunt departe in peace. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. I. 576 Constantius departit in Eborac throw Infirmitie. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 39 That Marcellus a little before day, was departed. 1605Stow Annales 39 He departed out of this life at Yorke. 1702J. Logan in Pa. Hist. Soc. Mem. IX. 94, I went to visit him the day before he departed. a1862Buckle Civiliz. (1869) III. iv. 227 When a Scotch minister departed from this life.
8. trans. To go away from, leave, quit, forsake. Now rare, exc. in phr. to depart this life (= 7).
c1340Cursor M. 20266 (Br. Mus. MS.) Rewe on vs, departe vs nouȝt. 1536in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford 138 Nicholas Hore paid for the wine and departed their company. 1548Hall Chron. 114 All the Welshemen were commaunded..to depart the toune. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. i. (1611) 186 The soules of men departing this life. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lix. (1739) 112 No Clergyman or other may depart the Realm, without the King's Licence. 1712Addison Spect. No. 517 §1 Sir Roger de Coverley is dead. He departed this life at his house in the country. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. (1827) II. ii. 126 Jugurtha was commanded to depart Italy. 1839Keightley Hist. Eng. II. 33 The clergy were ordered to depart the kingdom. 1861Dickens Gt. Expect. xxxiv, Mrs. J. Gargery had departed this life on Monday last.
†9. To send away, dismiss. Obs.
1484Caxton Chivalry 73 Charite..departeth euery vyce. c1500Chron. Gr. Friars (Camden) 28 The Kynge..made them grete chere and so departyd them home agayne. 1614Raleigh Hist. World Pref. 17 The abolished parts are departed by small degrees.
†10. intr. To start, spring, come forth, or issue from; to come of. Obs.
c1477Caxton Jason 56 b, By theyr countenaunce and habylements..they ben departed from noble and goode hous. c1489― Blanchardyn xliv. 173 Of churles, bothe man and wyff, can departe noo goode fruyte.
11. intr. (transf. and fig. from 6.) To withdraw, turn aside, diverge, deviate; to desist (from a course of action, etc.). to depart from: to leave, abandon; to cease to follow, observe or practise.
1393Gower Conf. III. 103 The..Nile..Departeth fro his cours and falleth Into the see Alexandrine. 1535Coverdale Prov. iii. 7 Feare y⊇ Lorde and departe from euell. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. ii. 41 Shamefull lustes..which depart From course of nature. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xl. 255 It was not with a design to depart from the worship of God. 1732Berkeley Alciphr. vii. §24 They depart from received opinions. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. App. 673 The fourth narrative departs in several important points from the Chronicles. 1893Law Times XCV. 27/1 Disinclination..to depart from the long-established practice.
III. †12. depart with. a. To take leave of; to go away from. (Cf. 5, 6.) Obs. rare.
1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) i. iii. 22 Cursed & dampned spyrite, departe than forth with this creature. 1563Foxe A. & M. 763 b, And so departed I with them.
†b. To part with; to give up, surrender; to give away, bestow. (Cf. 2.) Obs.
c1485Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 102 O ye good fathyr of grete degre, thus to departe with your ryches. 1595Shakes. John ii. i. 563 Iohn..Hath willingly departed with a part. 1642Perkins Prof. Bk. i. §47. 21 Shee hath departed with her right by the feoffment. 1792N. Chipman Amer. Law Rep. (1871) 41 The officer had a lien on the cattle. On receipt I do not consider that the officer wholly departs with that lien.
†13. So depart from, in the same sense (12 b).
1548Cranmer Catech. 81 b, Neyther by threatnyng..cause him to depart from any portion of his goodes. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus i. 5 With what difficultie depart they [stones] from their naturall roughnesse? 1681Burnet Hist. Ref. II. 88 The inferior clergy departed from their right of being in the House of Commons.
▪ II. † depart, n. Obs.
[a. F. départ (13th c. in Godef.), f. départir to depart. Partly treated as directly from the English verb; cf. the ns. leave, return, etc.]
1. The act of departing, departure.
a. Parting, separation.
b. Departure from this life, death.
c1330Arth. & Merl. 4539 For depart of his felawes, And for her men that weren y-slawe. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. vii. 20 That lewd lover did the most lament For her depart. 1591Shakes. Two Gent. v. iv. 96 At my depart I gaue this [ring] vnto Iulia. 1593― 3 Hen. VI, ii. i. 110 When your braue Father breath'd his latest gaspe, Tydings..Were brought me of your Losse, and his Depart. 1642H. More Song of Soul ii. ii. ii. xxxviii, The plantall lifes depart. 1724Ramsay Tea-t. Misc. (1733) I. 99 For her depart my heart was sair. 1840Sportsman in Irel. & Scotl. II. iv. 71, The salmon having long since made his depart.
2. Old Chem. The separation of one metal from another with which it is alloyed.
a1626Bacon (J.), The chymists have a liquor called water of depart. 1686W. Harris tr. Lemery's Course Chym. (ed. 2) 79 The Depart, or parting of Metals, is when a Dissolvent quits the Metal it had dissolved to betake itself unto another. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. s.v., A certain Operation in Chymistry is called the Depart, because the Particles of Silver are made by it to depart from Gold when they were before melted together. 1751Chambers Cycl., Depart, a method of refining, or separating gold from silver by means of aqua fortis{ddd}if you again filtrate this water, and pour on it the liquor of fixed nitre, you will have another depart, the calamine precipitating to the bottom. |