| 释义 |
dengue|ˈdɛŋgeɪ|
Also dengue-fever, denga.
[Immediately, a. West Indian Spanish dengue; ultimately, according to Dr. Christie, in Glasgow Med. Jrnl. Sept. 1881, a Swahili word, the full name of the disease in Zanzibar being ka dinga pepo (ka partitive article, ‘a, a kind of’, dinga, dyenga, denga, ‘sudden cramp-like seizure’, pepo ‘evil spirit, plague’). On its introduction to the West Indies from Africa in 1827, the name was, in Cuba, popularly identified with the Spanish word dengue ‘fastidiousness, prudery’. In this form it was subsequently adopted in the United States, and eventually in general English use.
In the British West Indies, called by the Black population dandy. Both names appear to be popular adaptations, of the ‘sparrow-grass’ type, of the Swahili name, with a mocking reference to the stiffness of the neck and shoulders, and dread of motion, exhibited by the patients; whence also another name of ridicule, the ‘Giraffe’.— See dandy2.]
An infectious eruptive fever, commencing suddenly, and characterized by excruciating pains, especially in the joints, with great prostration and debility, but seldom proving fatal; it is epidemic and sporadic in East Africa and the countries surrounding the Indian Ocean, and (since 1827) in the West Indies and adjacent parts of America. Also called dandy, and break-bone fever.
(The name has apparently been sometimes given in error to other epidemic fevers.)
1828Charleston Courier 15 July, The Dengue. This..epidemic exists at this time in our city. Ibid. 9 Aug. 1830Amer. Beacon (Norfolk, Va.) 9 Nov. 2/2 A rheumatic fever, pronounced by the physicians to be the celebrated Dengue of 1818, made its appearance. 1847in Craig. 1854–60Mayne Expos. Lex., Dengue, name for a fever which prevailed in Charleston, summer of 1850..Also called..the Break-bone fever. 1866Harvard Mem. Biog. I. 37 Having had a severe attack of dengue or break-bone fever. 1881Dr. Christie Dengue Fever in Glasgow Med. Jrnl. Sept. 165 Three epidemics of dengue are reported as having occurred within the eastern hemisphere, the first during the years 1779–84, the second from 1823 to 1829, and the third from 1870 to 1875. Ibid. 165 In 1870 the older inhabitants [of Zanzibar] recognized the disease as one which had been epidemic about 48..years before, and they gave to it the former designation ka-dinga-pepo, the name under which I described it in my first communication. Ibid. 169 Denga was prevalent in Zanzibar in 1823. 1885Times 4 Dec. 13 What connexion there may be between the troncasa or dengue fever and the recent invasion of cholera [at Gibraltar]. |