| 释义 |
deformity|dɪˈfɔːmɪtɪ|
Also 5 dif-, 5–6 dyff-.
[a. OF. deformité (defformeteit, defformité, desformité), ad. L. dēformitās, f. dēformis: see deform a. and -ity. In mod.F. difformité.]
1. The quality or condition of being marred or disfigured in appearance; disfigurement; unsightliness, ugliness.
c1450Crt. of Love clxvii, For other have their ful shape and beaute, And we..ben in deformite. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 431/1 Wythout abhomynacion of dyfformyte ne of ordure or fylthe. 1514Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshm. (Percy Soc.) 25 No fautes with Moryans is blacke dyfformyte, Because all the sorte lyke of theyr favour be. 1530Rastell Bk. Purgat. iii. viii. 2 [The linen cloths] had no such spottes or tokens of deformyte to the eye. 1658Sir T. Browne Hydriot. iii. (1736) 31 Christians have handsomely glossed the Deformity of Death by careful Consideration of the Body, and civil Rites. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1638) 261 Lastly, they cleanse themselves with purer water, supposing contaminated deformitie washt off. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) I. 181 Beautifull Gothic architecture was engrafted on Saxon deformity. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 107 To prevent the propagation of disease [small-pox], and its consequent effects, deformity.
2. The quality or condition of being deformed or misshapen; esp. bodily misshapenness or malformation; abnormal formation of the body or of some bodily member.
c1440Gesta Rom. lxxviii. 396 (Add. MS.), A dwerfe of a litill stature, hauyng..a bose in his back, ande crokide fete..ande full of alle diformyte. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 330 Edmunde..surnamed Crowke backe, was the..eldest; albe it he was put by, by y⊇ meane of his fadre, for his deformytye. 1587Golding De Mornay x. 138 But how can mater be without forme, seeing that euen deformitie it selfe is a kinde of forme? 1594Shakes. Rich. III, i. i. 27 To see my Shadow in the Sunne, And descant on mine owne Deformity. Ibid. i. ii. 57 Blush, blush, thou lumpe of fowle Deformitie. 1643Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. i. §16 The Chaos: wherin..to speak strictly, there was no deformity, because no forme. 1717Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to C'tess of Mar 16 Jan., Their fondness for these pieces of deformity [dwarfs]. 1801Med. Jrnl. V. 41 In cases of deformity of the pelvis. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. i. 22 Rightly clad, he is a lump of deformity waddling over the ice.
3. (with a and pl.) An instance of deformity; a disfigurement or malformation; now usually spec. a malformation of the body or of some bodily member or organ.
1413Lydg. Pilgr. Sowle ii. xlv. (1859) 52 The fowle spottys, and wonderful defourmytees, whiche he shold apperceyuen in his owne persone. 1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lvii. 518 Sonne burning, and other suche deformities of the face. a1662Heylyn Laud i. (1671) 204 Those deformities in it [St. Paul's] which by long time had been contracted. 1794Sullivan View Nat. V. 382 Others..carry..maladies and deformities about them, from the cradle to the grave. 1807–26S. Cooper First Lines Surg. (ed. 5) 411 The tumour sometimes creates no particular inconvenience; and is merely a deformity.
b. transf. A deformed being or thing.
1698Fryer Acc. E. India 44 Their Gods..were cut in horrid Shapes.. to represent the Divinity..yet I cannot imagine such Deformities could ever be invented for that end. 1817Byron Manfred i. i, A bright deformity on high, The monster of the upper sky! 1838Dickens Nich. Nick. viii, Children with the countenances of old men, deformities with irons upon their limbs.
4. fig. Moral disfigurement, ugliness, or crookedness.
c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxi. 141 Purged and clene of all vice and alkyn deformitee. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. i. xv. (1634) 74 The corruption and deformitie of our nature. 1696Stanhope Chr. Pattern (1711) 71 If the deformity of his neighbour's actions happen to represent that of his own. 1741Middleton Cicero II. vii. 109 The deformity of Pompey's conduct. 1860Emerson Cond. of Life, Behaviour Wks. (Bohn) II. 382 It held bad manners up, so that churls could see the deformity.
b. (with a and pl.) A moral disfigurement.
1571Campion Hist. Irel. ii. v. (1633) 80 They declined now to such intollerable deformities of life and other superstitious errors. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 248, I supposed it a great deformitie, and disorder. 1705Stanhope Paraphr. I. 22 Those Vicious Habits which are a Deformity to Christians. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. 333 Cromwell had tried to correct the deformities of the representative system.
¶5. Misused for difformity, difference or diversity of form; want of uniformity or conformity.
1531–2Latimer in Foxe A. & M. (1563) 1331/1 Better it were to haue a deformitie in preaching..then to haue suche a vniformitie that the sely people shoulde..continue still in..ignoraunce. a1623Pemble Grace & Faith (1635) 49 The greatest deformity and disagreement..betweene his knowledge..and his application thereof to practice. 1658Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus ii. 45 The Funeral bed of King Cheops..which holds seven in length and four foot in bredth, had no great deformity from this measure. a1708Beveridge Priv. Th. i. (1730) 12 This Deformity to the Will and Nature of God, is that which we call Sin. 1788Kames Elem. Crit. (ed. 7) II. 490 A remarkable uniformity among creatures of the same kind, and a deformity [other edd. diff-] no less remarkable among creatures of different kinds. |