| 释义 |
▪ I. decompound, a. and n.|ˈdiːkəmˌpaʊnd|
[f. de- I. 5 + compound a.: after late and med.L. dēcompositus decomposite in same sense.]
A. adj. Repeatedly compound; compounded of parts which are themselves compound; spec. in Bot. of compound leaves or inflorescences whose divisions are further divided (L. decompositus, Linnæus).
a1691Boyle (J.), The pretended salts and sulphur are so far from being elementary parts extracted out of the body of mercury, that they are rather, to borrow a term of the grammarians, decompound bodies, made up of the whole metal and the menstruum, or other additaments employed to disguise it. 1793Martyn Lang. Bot. s.v., Decompound leaf, Folium decompositum, when the primary petiole is so divided that each part forms a compound leaf. 1835Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) II. 360 Decompound, having various compound divisions or ramifications. 1837–8Sir W. Hamilton Logic xv. (1866) I. 275 Erroneous to maintain..that a reasoning or syllogism is a mere decompound whole, made up of concepts. 1870H. Macmillan Bible Teach. vii. 145 The lobed leaf passes by various stages into the compound, decompound, and supra-decompound.
B. n. A decompound thing, word, etc.; a compound further compounded, or of which one or more elements are themselves compound.
1614Bp. Andrewes 96 Serm. (1641) 472 Super-exaltavit is a de-compound. There is, Ex and Super (both) in it. 1622Heylin Cosmogr. (1627) 469 That the English language is a decompound of Dutch, French, and Latine, I hold. 17..Arbuthnot, etc. (J.), No body should use any compound or decompound of the substantial verbs. 1836–7Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. xxi. (1859) II. 19 To use the word to cognise in connection with its noun cognition, as we use the decompound to recognise in connection with its noun recognition. 1881Chandler Gr. Accent. §429 Decompounds, or words consisting of more than two factors.
▪ II. decompound, v.|ˌdiːkəmˈpaʊnd|
[f. de- I. 5, II. 1 + compound v.: cf. prec., and decompose.]
I. Connected with decompound a. and decomposite.
†1. trans. To compound further; to form by combining compound constituents, or by adding another constituent to something already compound. Obs.
1673Newton in Phil. Trans. VIII. 6110 The resulting White..was compounded of them all, and only de-compounded of those two. 16..― (J.), If the intercepted colours be let pass, they will fall upon this compounded orange, and, together with it, decompound a white. 1690Locke Hum. Und. iii. ix. §6 A very complex Idea that is compounded and decompounded. 1747Wesley Prim. Physic (1762) p. xv, The common Method of compounding and decompounding Medicines can never be reconciled to common sense.
II. Connected with decompose.
2. To separate the constituent parts or elements of; to decompose.
Johnson 1755 says—‘This is a sense that has of late crept irregularly into chymical books.’
a1751Bolingbroke Ess. i. Hum. Knowl. (R.), If we consider that in learning..the signification of these names, we learn to decompound them. 1766Cavendish in Phil. Trans. LVII. 102 To decompound as much of the solution of chalk as contains 16½ grains of earth. 1793J. Bowles Real Ground War w. France (ed. 5) 25 Other States are to be broken up and decompounded. 1830Herschel Stud. Nat. Phil. ii. ii. (1851) 92 The chemist in his analysis, who accounts every ingredient an element till it can be decompounded and resolved into others.
Hence decomˈpoundable a., capable of being decomposed.
1797Brit. Crit. Jan. IX. 58 Discoveries..which shew the universal dominion of air of different kinds, and that all nature seems to be decompoundable into fluidity. |