| 单词 | close |
| 释义 | close 1. adj., adv., & n. --adj 1. (often foll. by to) situated at only a short distance or interval. 2. a having a strong or immediate relation or connection (close friend; close relative). b in intimate friendship or association (were very close). c corresponding almost exactly (close resemblance). d fitting tightly (close cap). e (of hair etc.) short, near the surface. 3. in or almost in contact (close combat; close proximity). 4. dense, compact, with no or only slight intervals (close texture; close writing; close formation; close thicket). 5. in which competitors are almost equal (close contest; close election). 6. leaving no gaps or weaknesses, rigorous (close reasoning). 7. concentrated, searching (close examination; close attention). 8. (of air etc.) stuffy or humid. 9. closed, shut. 10. limited or restricted to certain persons etc. (close corporation; close scholarship). 11. a hidden, secret, covered. b secretive. 12. (of a danger etc.) directly threatening, narrowly avoided (that was close). 13. niggardly. 14. (of a vowel) pronounced with a relatively narrow opening of the mouth. 15. narrow, confined, contracted. 16. under prohibition. --adv 1. (often foll. by by, on, to, upon) at only a short distance or interval (they live close by; close to the church). 2. closely, in a close manner (shut close). --n 1. an enclosed space. 2. Brit. a street closed at one end. 3. Brit. the precinct of a cathedral. 4. Brit. a school playing-field or playground. 5. Sc. an entry from the street to a common stairway or to a court at the back. Phrases and idioms at close quarters very close together. close-fisted niggardly. close-fitting (of a garment) fitting close to the body. close-grained without gaps between fibres etc. close harmony harmony in which the notes of the chord are close together. close-hauled (of a ship) with the sails hauled aft to sail close to the wind. close-knit tightly bound or interlocked; closely united in friendship. close-mouthed reticent. close score Mus. a score with more than one part on the same staff. close season Brit. the season when something, esp. the killing of game etc., is illegal. close-set separated only by a small interval or intervals. close shave colloq. a narrow escape. close to the wind see WIND(1). close-up 1. a photograph etc. taken at close range and showing the subject on a large scale. 2. an intimate description. go close (of a racehorse) win or almost win. Derivatives closely adv. closeness n. closish adj. Etymology: ME f. OF clos f. L clausum enclosure & clausus past part. of claudere shut 2. v. & n. --v 1. a tr. shut (a lid, box, door, room, house, etc.). b intr. be shut (the door closed slowly). c tr. block up. 2. a tr. & intr. bring or come to an end. b intr. finish speaking (closed with an expression of thanks). c tr. settle (a bargain etc.). 3. a intr. end the day's business. b tr. end the day's business at (a shop, office, etc.). 4. tr. & intr. bring or come closer or into contact (close ranks). 5. tr. make (an electric circuit etc.) continuous. 6. intr. (foll. by with) express agreement (with an offer, terms, or the person offering them). 7. intr. (often foll. by with) come within striking distance; grapple. 8. intr. (foll. by on) (of a hand, box, etc.) grasp or entrap. --n 1. a conclusion, an end. 2. Mus. a cadence. Phrases and idioms close down 1. (of a shop, factory, etc.) discontinue business, esp. permanently. 2. Brit. (of a broadcasting station) end transmission esp. until the next day. close one's eyes 1 (foll. by to) pay no attention. 2. die. close in 1. enclose. 2. come nearer. 3. (of days) get successively shorter with the approach of the winter solstice. close out US discontinue, terminate, dispose of (a business). close up 1. (often foll. by to) move closer. 2. shut, esp. temporarily. 3. block up. 4. (of an aperture) grow smaller. 5. coalesce. closing-time the time at which a public house, shop, etc., ends business. Derivatives closable adj. closer n. Etymology: ME f. OF clos- stem of clore f. L claudere shut |
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