| 单词 | break |
| 释义 | break 1. v. & n. --v (past broke or archaic brake; past part. broken or archaic broke) 1. tr. & intr. a separate into pieces under a blow or strain; shatter. b make or become inoperative, esp. from damage (the toaster has broken). c break a bone in or dislocate (part of the body). d break the skin of (the head or crown). 2. a tr. cause or effect an interruption in (broke our journey; the spell was broken; broke the silence). b intr. have an interval between spells of work (let's break now; we broke for tea). 3. tr. fail to observe or keep (a law, promise, etc.). 4. a tr. & intr. make or become subdued or weakened; yield or cause to yield (broke his spirit; he broke under the strain). b tr. weaken the effect of (a fall, blow, etc.). c tr. = break in 3c. d tr. defeat, destroy (broke the enemy's power). e tr. defeat the object of (a strike, e.g. by engaging other personnel). 5. tr. surpass (a record). 6. intr. (foll. by with) quarrel or cease association with (another person etc.). 7. tr. a be no longer subject to (a habit). b (foll. by of) cause (a person) to be free of a habit (broke them of their addiction). 8. tr. & intr. reveal or be revealed; (cause to) become known (broke the news; the story broke on Friday). 9. intr. a (of the weather) change suddenly, esp. after a fine spell. b (of waves) curl over and dissolve into foam. c (of the day) dawn. d (of clouds) move apart; show a gap. e (of a storm) begin violently. 10. tr. Electr. disconnect (a circuit). 11. intr. a (of the voice) change with emotion. b (of a boy's voice) change in register etc. at puberty. 12. tr. a (often foll. by up) divide (a set etc.) into parts, e.g. by selling to different buyers. b change (a banknote etc.) for coins. 13. tr. ruin (an individual or institution) financially (see also BROKE adj.). 14. tr. penetrate (e.g. a safe) by force. 15. tr. decipher (a code). 16. tr. make (a way, path, etc.) by separating obstacles. 17. intr. burst forth (the sun broke through the clouds). 18. Mil. a intr. (of troops) disperse in confusion. b tr. make a rupture in (ranks). 19. a intr. (usu. foll. by free, loose, out, etc.) escape from constraint by a sudden effort. b tr. escape or emerge from (prison, bounds, cover, etc.). 20. tr. Tennis etc. win a game against (an opponent's service). 21. intr. Boxing etc. (of two fighters, usu. at the referee's command) come out of a clinch. 22. Mil. tr. demote (an officer). 23. intr. esp. Stock Exch. (of prices) fall sharply. 24. intr. Cricket (of a bowled ball) change direction on bouncing. 25. intr. Billiards etc. disperse the balls at the beginning of a game. 26. tr. unfurl (a flag etc.). 27. tr. Phonet. subject (a vowel) to fracture. 28. tr. fail to rejoin (one's ship) after absence on leave. 29. tr. disprove (an alibi). --n 1. a an act or instance of breaking. b a point where something is broken; a gap. 2. an interval, an interruption; a pause in work. 3. a sudden dash (esp. to escape). 4. colloq. a a piece of good luck; a fair chance. b (also bad break) an unfortunate remark or action, a blunder. 5. Cricket a change in direction of a bowled ball on bouncing. 6. Billiards etc. a a series of points scored during one turn. b the opening shot that disperses the balls. 7. Mus. (in jazz) a short unaccompanied passage for a soloist, usu. improvised. 8. Electr. a discontinuity in a circuit. Phrases and idioms bad break colloq. 1. a piece of bad luck. 2. a mistake or blunder. break away make or become free or separate (see also BREAKAWAY). break the back of 1. do the hardest or greatest part of. 2. overburden (a person). break bulk see BULK. break crop a crop grown to avoid the continual growing of cereals. break-dancing an energetic style of street-dancing, developed by US Blacks. break down 1. a fail in mechanical action; cease to function. b (of human relationships etc.) fail, collapse. c fail in (esp. mental) health. d be overcome by emotion; collapse in tears. 2. a demolish, destroy. b suppress (resistance). c force (a person) to yield under pressure. 3. analyse into components (see also BREAKDOWN). break even emerge from a transaction etc. with neither profit nor loss. break a person's heart see HEART. break the ice 1 begin to overcome formality or shyness, esp. between strangers. 2. make a start. break in 1. enter premises by force, esp. with criminal intent. 2. interrupt. 3. a accustom to a habit etc. b wear etc. until comfortable. c tame or discipline (an animal); accustom (a horse) to saddle and bridle etc. 4. Austral. & NZ bring (virgin land) into cultivation. break-in n. an illegal forced entry into premises, esp. with criminal intent. breaking and entering (formerly) the illegal entering of a building with intent to commit a felony. breaking-point the point of greatest strain, at which a thing breaks or a person gives way. break in on disturb; interrupt. break into 1. enter forcibly or violently. 2. a suddenly begin, burst forth with (a song, laughter, etc.). b suddenly change one's pace for (a faster one) (broke into a gallop). 3. interrupt. break-line Printing the last line of a paragraph (usu. not of full length). break of day dawn. break off 1. detach by breaking. 2. bring to an end. 3. cease talking etc. break open open forcibly. break out 1. escape by force, esp. from prison. 2. begin suddenly; burst forth (then violence broke out). 3. (foll. by in) become covered in (a rash etc.). 4. exclaim. 5. release (a run-up flag). 6. US a open up (a receptacle) and remove its contents. b remove (articles) from a place of storage. break-out n. a forcible escape. break point 1. a place or time at which an interruption or change is made. 2. Computing (usu. breakpoint) a place in a computer program where the sequence of instructions is interrupted, esp. by another program. 3. a (in lawn tennis) a point which would win the game for the player(s) receiving service. b the situation at which the receiver(s) may break service by winning such a point. 4. = breaking-point. break step get out of step. break up 1. break into small pieces. 2. disperse; disband. 3. end the school term. 4. a terminate a relationship; disband. b cause to do this. 5. (of the weather) change suddenly (esp. after a fine spell). 6. esp. US a upset or be upset. b excite or be excited. c convulse or be convulsed (see also BREAKUP). break wind release gas from the anus. break one's word see WORD. Etymology: OE brecan f. Gmc 2. n. 1. a carriage-frame without a body, for breaking in young horses. 2. = BRAKE(2). Etymology: perh. = brake framework: 17th c., of unkn. orig. |
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