| 单词 | stem |
| 释义 | stem stem1 —stemless, adj. —stemlike, adj. /stem/, n. , v. , stemmed, stemming. n. 1. the ascending axis of a plant, whether above or below ground, which ordinarily grows in an opposite direction to the root or descending axis. 2. the stalk that supports a leaf, flower, or fruit. 3. the main body of that portion of a tree, shrub, or other plant which is above ground; trunk; stalk. 4. a cut flower: We bought roses at the flower market for 50¢ a stem. 5. a petiole; peduncle; pedicel. 6. a stalk of bananas. 7. something resembling or suggesting a leaf or flower stalk. 8. a long, slender part: the stem of a tobacco pipe. 9. the slender, vertical part of a goblet, wineglass, etc., between the bowl and the base. 10. Informal. a drinking glass having a stem. 11. the handle of a spoon. 12. a projection from the rim of a watch, having on its end a knob for winding the watch. 13. the circular rod in some locks about which the key fits and rotates. 14. the rod or spindle by which a valve is operated from outside. 15. the stock or line of descent of a family; ancestry or pedigree. 16. Gram. the underlying form, often consisting of a root plus an affix, to which the inflectional endings of a word are added, as tend-, the stem in Latin tendere "to stretch," the root of which is ten-. Cf. base1 (def. 18), theme (def. 5). 17. Music. the vertical line forming part of a note. 18. stems, Slang. the legs of a human being. 19. the main or relatively thick stroke of a letter in printing. v.t. 20. to remove the stem from (a leaf, fruit, etc.): Stem the cherries before cooking. v.i. 21. to arise or originate: This project stems from last week's lecture. [bef. 900; ME; OE stemn, stefn, equiv. to ste- (var. of sta-, base of standan to STAND) + -mn- suffix; akin to G Stamm stem, tribe; see STAFF1] stem2 /stem/, v. , stemmed, stemming, n. v.t. 1. to stop, check, or restrain. 2. to dam up; stop the flow of (a stream, river, or the like). 3. to tamp, plug, or make tight, as a hole or joint. 4. Skiing. to maneuver (a ski or skis) in executing a stem. 5. to stanch (bleeding). v.i. 6. Skiing. to execute a stem. n. 7. Skiing. the act or instance of a skier pushing the heel of one or both skis outward so that the heels are far apart, as in making certain turns or slowing down. [1400-50; late ME stemmen < ON stemma to dam or MLG stemmen] stem3 /stem/, v.t., stemmed, stemming. 1. to make headway against (a tide, current, gale, etc.). 2. to make progress against (any opposition). [1585-95; v. use of STEM4] stem4 /stem/, n. Naut. 1. (at the bow of a vessel) an upright into which the side timbers or plates are jointed. 2. the forward part of a vessel (often opposed to stern). [bef. 900; continuing OE stefn, stemn end-timber; special use of STEM1; ME stampne, stamyn(e) appar. < the c. ON stamn, stafn in same sense] stem5 /stem/, v.t., stemmed, stemming. to arrange the loading of (a merchant vessel) within a specified time. [1895-1900; var. of steven to direct one's course < ON stefna to sail directly, aim, deriv. of stafn STEM4] |
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