| 单词 | challenge |
| 释义 | challenge —challengeable, adj. /chal"inj/, n. , v. , challenged, challenging, adj. n. 1. a call or summons to engage in any contest, as of skill, strength, etc. 2. something that by its nature or character serves as a call to battle, contest, special effort, etc.: Space exploration offers a challenge to humankind. 3. a call to fight, as a battle, a duel, etc. 4. a demand to explain, justify, etc.: a challenge to the treasurer to itemize expenditures. 5. difficulty in a job or undertaking that is stimulating to one engaged in it. 6. Mil. the demand of a sentry for identification or a countersign. 7. Law. a formal objection to the qualifications of a particular juror, to his or her serving, or to the legality of an entire jury. Cf. peremptory challenge. 8. the assertion that a vote is invalid or that a voter is not legally qualified. 9. Biol. the process of inducing or assessing physiological or immunological activity by exposing an organism to a specific substance. 10. Hunting. the crying of a hound on finding a scent. v.t. 11. to summon to a contest of skill, strength, etc. 12. to take exception to; call in question: to challenge the wisdom of a procedure. 13. to demand as something due or rightful. 14. Mil. to halt and demand identification or countersign from. 15. Law. to take formal exception to (a juror or jury). 16. to have a claim to; invite; arouse; stimulate: a matter which challenges attention. 17. to assert that (a vote) is invalid. 18. to assert that (a voter) is not qualified to vote. 19. to expose an organism to a specific substance in order to assess its physiological or immunological activity. 20. Archaic. to lay claim to. v.i. 21. to make or issue a challenge. 22. Hunting. (of hounds) to cry or give tongue on picking up the scent. adj. 23. donated or given by a private, corporate, or government benefactor on condition that the recipient raise an additional specified amount from the public: a challenge grant. [1175-1225; ME chalenge < OF, var. of chalonge < L calumnia CALUMNY] Syn. 11. dare, bid, invite. 12. question, impute, doubt. |
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