benzene /benˈzēn/

The simplest of the aromatic series of hydrocarbons, discovered by Faraday in 1825, now mostly prepared by destructive distillation of coal tar, its molecule consisting of a ring or closed chain of six carbon atoms each with a hydrogen atom attached, formerly called benzine or benzol, names now used differently (see below)

benˈzal or benzylˈidine noun

A radical whose oxide is benzalˈdehyde or oil of bitter almonds

benzˈidine noun

A base used in preparing azo dyes

benˈzil noun

A double benzoyl radical

benzine /benˈzēn/ noun

1. A mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by destructive distillation of petroleum, used as a solvent, motor fuel, etc
2. Improperly, benzene

benˈzoate /-zō-āt/ noun

A salt of benzoic acid

benzocaine /ben-zō-kāˈin or benˈzō-kān/ noun

(benzine and cocaine) a drug used as a local anaesthetic

benzodiazepine /ben-zō-dī-azˈə-pēn, -pin or -pīn/ noun

One of a group of tranquillizing and soporific drugs

benˈzol or benˈzole noun

1. Crude benzene, used as motor fuel
2. Improperly, benzene

benˈzoline noun

1. Benzine
2. Impure benzene

benzoquinone /ben-zō-kwinˈōn/

See quinone under quinol

benzoyl /benˈzō-il/ noun

The radical C₆H₅:CO

benzpyrene /benz-pīˈrēn/ noun

(benzene and pyrene²) a cancer-inducing hydrocarbon (C₂₀H₁₂) found in coal tar and present in small quantities in smoke, including tobacco smoke

benˈzyl /-zil/ noun

The radical C₆H₅CH₂

benzylˈidine noun see benzal above

benzene hexachloride noun

(known as BHC) a chlorinated hydrocarbon, a very toxic insecticide

benzene ring noun

A ring of six linked carbon atoms, as in a molecule of benzene

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