xanˈthan /zanˈthan/ or xanˈtham noun

(also xanthan, or xantham, gum) a substance used as a thickening agent in food preparation

xanˈthate noun

A salt of xanthic acid

xanthein /zanˈthē-in/ noun

A soluble yellow colouring matter present in flowers

xanthene /zanˈthēn/ noun

A white crystalline compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, from which are derived xanthene dyestuffs

xanˈthic adjective

1. Of a yellow tint, esp as a description of flowers (esp botany)
2. Relating to xanthin or xanthine
3. Designating xanthic acid, any of a series of addition compounds of an alcohol with carbon disulphide, esp ethyl-xanthic acid

xanˈthin noun

1. A name given to the insoluble yellow colouring matter found in various flowers
2. A yellow colouring matter obtained from madder
3. (usu xanˈthine) a white substance, structurally related to uric acid, found in muscle tissue, the liver and other organs, urine, etc, which leaves a lemon-yellow residue when evaporated with nitric acid

Xanˈthium noun

(Gr xanthion a plant used for dyeing the hair yellow) any of a small but widely-distributed genus of composite plants whose fruits bear hooked prickles very troublesome to sheep and other animals

Xanthochroi /zan-thokˈrō-ī/ plural noun

(Gr chroā or chroiā skin) according to Huxley and other ethnologists, one of the five groups of human races, comprising those with fair hair and pale skin

xanthochroia /-thō-kroiˈə/ noun

Yellowness of the skin

xanthochrōˈic or xanˈthochroid /-kroid/ adjective (also used as noun)

xanthochroism /-thokˈrō-izm/ noun

A condition in which all pigments other than yellows disappear, as in goldfish, or in which normal colouring is replaced by yellow

xanthochrōˈmia noun (medicine)

Any yellowish discoloration, esp of the cerebrospinal fluid

xanthochroous /-thokˈrō-əs/ adjective

Xanthochroic

xanthoma /zan-thōˈmə/ noun (pl xanthōˈmas or xanthōˈmata)

A yellow tumour composed of fibrous tissue and of cells containing cholesterol ester, occurring on the skin (eg in diabetes) or on the sheaths of tendons, or in any tissue of the body

xanthōˈmatous adjective

xanthomelanous /zan-thō-melˈə-nəs/ adjective

(Gr melas, -anos black) applied by Huxley to members of the human race with black hair and yellow or olive skins

xanthophyll /zanˈthō-fil/ noun

Any of the yellow pigments present in plants and egg yolk

xanthopˈsia noun

The condition in which objects appear yellow to the observer, as in jaundice or after taking santonin

xanthopˈterin or (rare) xanthopˈterine /-in/ noun

A yellow pigment obtainable from the wings of yellow butterflies and the urine of mammals

xanthous /zanˈthəs/ adjective

Yellow

xanthoxyl /zan-thokˈsil/ noun

1. (Gr xylon wood) a plant of the genus Xanthoxylum of the Rutaceae, comprising over one hundred species, of which many are found in Brazil and the West Indies
2. In particular, either of two species known respectively as the prickly-ash and Hercules club
3. The dried bark of either of these two species

Xanthura /-thūˈrə/ or Xanthoura /-thooˈrə/ noun

(Gr ourā tail) the former name of a genus of yellow-tailed American jays, now Cyanocorax