单词 | up and down |
释义 | down1 /down/adverb
—Also used elliptically, passing into an interjection or verb by omission of go, come or put, etc, often followed by with adjective
ORIGIN: ME a-down, adun, from OE of dūne from the hill (dative case of dūn hill; see down3 and adown) downˈer noun (slang)
downˈward /-wərd/ or downˈwards /-wərdz/ adverb
downˈward adjective downˈwardly adverb downˈwardness noun
downˈ-and-dirtˈy adjective (US informal)
downˈ-and-outˈ adjective
downˈ-and-outˈ noun downˈ-and-outˈer noun downˈ-at-heelˈ adjective
downˈbeat noun
adjective (informal)
downˈbow noun (music) A movement of the bow over the strings beginning at the nut end downˈburst same as microburst downˈcast adjective
noun
downˈ-come noun
downˈ-draught noun A current of air downwards downˈ-eastˈer noun (US) Someone living down east from the speaker, a New Englander, and esp an inhabitant of Maine downˈfall noun
downˈfallen adjective Ruined downˈflow noun
downˈforce noun Aerodynamically-caused downward force in a car, etc which eg improves its road holding downˈ-going adjective down-goˈing (or /downˈ/) noun downˈgrade noun A downward slope or course adjective and adverb Downhill transitive verb
downˈ-gyved adjective (Shakespeare) Hanging down like fetters downˈhaul noun A rope by which a jib, etc is hauled down when set downheartˈed adjective Dejected downˈhill adjective Descending, sloping (also noun) downhillˈ adverb downˈhole adjective
downˈ-home adjective (US informal)
downˈlighter noun A downward-directed light-fitting, attached to or recessed in the ceiling downˈ-line noun The line of a railway leading from the capital, or other important centre, to the provinces downˈlink noun A connection in a telecommunications system between a space vehicle or satellite and the earth (also transitive verb) downloadˈ transitive verb and intransitive verb (computing)
noun /downˈ/
downloadˈable adjective downˈlooked adjective (Dryden) Downcast, gloomy downˈ-lyˈing noun (dialect)
downmarˈket adjective Of (buying, selling or using) goods and services of relatively low price, quality or prestige (also adverb) downˈmost adverb and adjective Superlative of down down payment noun A deposit on an article, service, etc downˈpipe noun A drainpipe that takes rainwater from the gutter of a roof downˈplay transitive verb To play down downˈpour noun A heavy fall of rain, etc downˈright adverb
adjective
downˈrightness noun downrivˈer adverb With the current adjective Further down the river downˈrush noun A rushing down (as of gas, hot air, etc) downˈscale transitive verb and intransitive verb (US) To reduce in scale adjective Downmarket downˈ-settˈing noun A setting down, a snub downˈshift intransitive verb
downˈshifter noun downˈshifting noun downˈside noun
downˈ-sittˈing noun
downˈsize transitive verb
intransitive verb To sell one's home and move to a smaller property downˈsizer noun downˈsizing noun downˈspout noun (N American) A downpipe, drainpipe downˈstageˈ adverb Towards the footlights (also adjective) downˈstair or downˈstairs adjective downstairsˈ adverb
noun A lower storey, usu the ground floor downˈstateˈ adjective and adverb (US) In or to a southerly or rural part of a state noun A downstate area downstream' adverb With the current adjective /down'/
downˈstroke noun A downward line made by the pen in writing downˈswing noun
downˈ-the-line adjective
downˈthrow noun
downˈtime noun A period when work is halted, due to equipment failure, lack of materials, bad weather, etc downˈ-to-earthˈ adjective
downˈtownˈ adjective and adverb In or towards the lower part or (esp N American) the business and shopping centre of the town noun This part of a town downˈ-train noun A railway train that leaves from the chief terminus downˈtrend noun A downward trend downˈ-trod or downˈtrodden adjective
downˈturn noun A downward trend, decline downˈturned adjective Folded or turned down downˈwash noun The downward current of air disturbed by an aerofoil downˈwindˈ adjective and adverb
down east (US) In or into Maine and adjoining parts of New England down in the mouth In low spirits down on one's luck In unfortunate circumstances down south (US) In the Southern states down to (slang) The fault or responsibility of down tools To stop work, strike down to the ground (informal) Completely down town In or towards the centre of a town down under In or to Australia and New Zealand down with
go down
go downhill To deteriorate (in health, prosperity or morality) go downstream To begin operating the downstream stages of oil exploitation up and down
up /up/adverb
—Also elliptically passing into use as a verb or interjection by omission of verbs such as go, come, put, etc, often followed by with adjective (compar uppˈer; superl upˈmost or uppˈermost see below)
ORIGIN: OE ūp, upp up, uppe above, uppian to rise; Ger auf upˈmost adjective Uppermost uppˈer adjective (see above)
uppˈermost adjective (see above)
In the highest place, first uppˈing noun The action of up (vt) (see above) uppˈish adjective Assuming, pretentious, snobbish uppˈishly adverb uppˈishness noun uppˈity adjective
upˈward /-wərd/ adverb
Upwards along adjective
Top upˈwardly adverb upˈwardness noun
upˈ-and-comˈing adjective
upˈ-and-downˈ adjective
noun (golf; informal) An act of completing a hole from a position off the green by using one lofted shot and one putt upˈ-and-oˈver adjective (of a door, etc) raised to a horizontal position when opened (also upˈ-oˈver) upˈ-and-unˈderˈ noun (rugby) A movement in which the ball is kicked high and forward, and the players rush to try to catch it upˈ-beat noun
adjective (informal; upˈbeat)
upˈbow noun (music) A movement of the bow from point towards nut over the strings upˈ-current or upˈ-draught noun A rising current of air upfront see up front below. upˈland noun
adjective
upland cotton noun A variety of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) orig grown in America upˈlander noun uplandˈish adjective (obsolete)
upˈ-line noun A railway line for upgoing trains (ie those going to, not from, eg a city) upper atmosphere noun The region of the atmosphere above about 20 miles from the earth uppˈer-brackˈet adjective In an upper grouping in a list, etc uppˈer-case adjective (printing) Literally, kept in an upper case, capital as opposed to small (of letters) upper chamber same as upper house below. upper class or upper classes noun The people of the highest social rank uppˈer-classˈ adjective upper crust noun
uppˈer-crustˈ adjective Upper-class, aristocratic uppˈercut noun An upward short-arm blow upper hand noun Mastery, advantage upper house noun In a bicameral legislature, the house that is the more restricted in membership, eg House of Lords, Senate of USA and other countries upper regions plural noun
Upper Roger noun Corruption of Hindi Yuva-rājā, young prince upper school noun The senior pupils in a secondary school upper storey or (esp in N American) upper story noun
upper ten (thousand) noun The richest or most influential class uppˈerworks plural noun
uppˈing-block, uppˈing-stock or uppˈing-stone noun A mounting block upˈside noun
adverb On the upper side upside down or upˈside-downˈ adverb (earlier up so down; Spenser upˈsideowneˈ)
adjective Turned upside down upside-down cake noun A sponge cake baked with fruit at the bottom and turned upside down before it is served upˈsides adverb
upˈ-train noun A railway train proceeding towards the chief terminus upward mobility noun The (desired) state of the upwardly mobile, those people moving (or attempting to move) to a higher social rank or position of greater status be up in To have a knowledge of have had it up to here (informal) To have had as much as one can take, to be fed up (usu with a gesture towards the throat) it is all up (with) There is no hope (for) not up (tennis) Called when the ball bounces twice before the player manages to hit it on one's uppers
on the up (cricket) (of a stroke) played as the ball rises from its bounce on the up and up
something is up Something is amiss, something unusual or unexpected is happening or has happened up against Face to face with, confronted with up against it In almost desperate straits up and doing Bestirring oneself up and down
up and running Fully functional up at Attending, studying at (a university) up close and personal Intimate or intimately up for
up front
up oneself (slang) Smugly pleased with oneself ups and downs
up sticks (informal) To move one's home, business, etc, decamp up to
up to date
up top (informal) In the head, in respect of intelligence up to speed
up to the minute or moment Right up to the present time (up-to-the-minˈute or up-to-the-moˈment adjective very up-to-date) up town
up with
up yours (vulgar sl) An expression of strong refusal, defiance, contempt, etc what's up? (with you?, etc) What's the matter, what's wrong (with you, etc)? |
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