hypo- /hī-pō-, hī-pə- or hī-po- or occasionally hip-ō- or hi-po-/

1. Signifying: under
2. Defective
3. Inadequate

hypoaeolian /hī-pō-ē-ōˈli-ən/ adjective

1. Below the Aeolian mode
2. Applied in old church music to a plagal mode extending from e to e, with a for its final

hypoallergenˈic adjective

Specially formulated in order to minimize the risk of allergy

hypoblast /-bläst/ noun (Gr blastos bud; zoology)

The inner germ-layer of a gastrula

hypoblastˈic adjective

hypobole /hip-obˈə-lē/ noun (Gr hypobolē throwing under, suggestion, from ballein to throw; rhetoric)

Anticipation of objections

hypocalcaemia or (US) hypocalcemia /hī-pō-kal-sēˈmi-ə/ noun

Abnormal reduction of the calcium content of the blood

hypocaust /-köst/ noun

(Gr hypokauston, from hypo under, and kaiein to burn) a space under a floor for heating by hot air or furnace gases, esp in ancient Roman villas

hyˈpocentre noun

The point on the centre of the earth directly below the centre of explosion of a nuclear bomb

hypochlorite /-klöˈrīt/ noun

A salt of hypochloˈrous acid, an acid (HClO) with less oxygen than chlorous acid

hypochondria /-konˈdri-ə/ noun

1. Orig the plural of hypochondrium below
2. Morbid anxiety about health
3. Imaginary illness
4. A nervous malady, often arising from indigestion, and tormenting the patient with imaginary fears (once supposed to have its seat in the abdomen) (obsolete)

hypochonˈdriac adjective

1. Relating to or affected with hypochondria
2. Melancholy

A sufferer from hypochondria

hypochondrīˈacal adjective

hypochondrīˈasis, hypochondrīˈacism or hypochonˈdriasm noun

Hypochondria

hypochonˈdriast noun

Someone suffering from hypochondria

hypochonˈdrium noun (Gr hypochondrion, from chondros cartilage; anatomy)

The region of the abdomen on either side, under the costal cartilages and short ribs

hypocist /hīˈpō-sist/ noun

(Gr hypokistis, from kistos cistus) an inspissated juice from the fruit of Cytinus hypocistis (Rafflesiaceae), a plant parasitic on cistus roots

hypocorism /hī-pokˈə-rizm/ or hypocorisma /-izˈmə/ noun

1. (Gr hypokorisma, from hypokorizesthai to use child-talk, from koros boy, korē girl) a pet-name
2. A diminutive or abbreviated name

hypocoristˈic or hypocoristˈical adjective

hypocoristˈically adverb

hypocotyl /-kotˈil/ noun

That part of the axis of a plant which is between the cotyledons and the primary root

hypocotylēˈdonary adjective

hypocretin /hī-pō-krēˈtin/ same as orexin (see under orexis)

hypocrisy /hi-pokˈri-si/ noun

1. (Gr hypokrisiā acting, playing a part) a feigning to be better than one is, or to be what one is not
2. Concealment of true character or belief (not necessarily conscious)
3. An instance or act of hypocrisy

hypocrite /hipˈə-krit/ noun

(Gr hypokritēs actor) a person who practises hypocrisy

hypocritˈical (also hypocritˈic) adjective

1. Practising hypocrisy
2. Of the nature of hypocrisy

hypocritˈically adverb

hypocycloid /-sīˈkloid/ noun

A curve generated by a point on the circumference of a circle which rolls on the inside of another circle

hypocycloidˈal adjective

hypoderm /-dûrm/, hypoderˈma or hypoderˈmis noun (Gr derma skin; botany and anatomy)

The tissue next under the epidermis

hypodermˈal adjective

hypodermˈic adjective

1. Relating to the hypodermis
2. Under the epidermis
3. Under the skin, subcutaneous, esp of a method of injecting a drug in solution under the skin by means of a fine hollow needle to which a small syringe is attached

1. A hypodermic injection
2. A drug so injected
3. (also hypodermic syringe) a syringe for the purpose

hypoderˈmically adverb

hypodorian /-döˈri-ən/ adjective

1. (Gr hypodōrios) below the Dorian
2. Applied in ancient Greek music to a mode whose upper tetrachord is the lower tetrachord of the Dorian (as: a; b c d e; e f g a), and in old church music to a plagal mode extending from a to a, with d as its final

hypoeutecˈtic adjective

(of a compound) containing less of the minor component than a eutectic compound

hypogastric /-gasˈtrik/ adjective

(Gr gastēr belly) belonging to the lower median part of the abdomen

hypogasˈtrium noun

The hypogastric region

hypogeal or hypogaeal /-jēˈəl/, hypogeˈan or hypogaeˈan /-jēˈən/, hypogeˈous or hypogaeˈous /-jeˈəs/ adjective (Gr hypogeios, -gaios, from gē or gaia the ground; botany)

1. Underground
2. Germinating with cotyledons underground

hypogene /-jēn/ adjective (Gr gennaein to engender; geology)

1. Of or relating to rocks formed, or agencies at work, under the earth's surface
2. Plutonic, opp to epigene

hypogeum or hypogaeum /-jēˈəm/ noun (pl hypogeˈa or hypogaeˈa)

1. An underground chamber
2. A subterranean tomb

hypoglossal /-glosˈəl/ adjective

(Gr glōssa the tongue) under the tongue

(also hypoglossal nerve) the twelfth cranial nerve of vertebrates, running to the muscles of the tongue

hypoglycaemia or hypoglycemia /hī-pō-gli-sēˈmi-ə/ noun (medicine)

Abnormal reduction of the sugar content of the blood

hypoglycaeˈmic or hypoglyceˈmic adjective

hypogˈnathism noun

hypognathous /hīp- or hip-ogˈnə-thəs/ adjective

Having the lower jaw or mandible protruding

hypogynous /hī-pojˈi-nəs/ adjective (Gr gynē a woman, female; botany)

1. Growing from beneath the ovary
2. Having the other floral parts below the ovary

hypogˈyny noun

hyˈpoid adjective

Of a type of bevel gear in which the axes of the driving and driven shafts are at right angles but not in the same plane

hypohidrōˈsis or hypohydrōˈsis noun

Abnormal lack of sweating

hypokalaeˈmia noun

An abnormally low concentration of potassium in the blood

hypolimˈnion noun

(Gr limnion, dimin of limnē lake) a lower and colder layer of water in a lake

hypolydian /hī-pō-lidˈi-ən/ adjective

1. Below the Lydian mode
2. Applied in ancient Greek music to a mode having as its upper tetrachord the lower tetrachord of the Lydian (as: f; g a b c; c d e f) and in old church music to a plagal mode extending from c to c with f as its final

hypomagnesaemia /hī-pō-mag-nə-zēˈmi-ə/ noun

A condition, esp in cattle, characterized by an abnormally low level of magnesium in the blood

hypomania /-māˈni-ə/ noun (medicine)

A milder form of mania, a condition marked by overexcitability

hypomāˈnic (or /-manˈik/) adjective

hypomenorrhea or hypomenorrhoea /-men-ə-rēˈə/ noun (medicine)

The condition in which the interval between two menstrual periods is increased to between 35 and 42 days

hypomixolydian /hī-pō-mik-sō-lidˈi-ən/ adjective

Applied in old church music to a mode extending from d to d with g as its final

hyponasty /-nas-ti/ noun (Gr nastos pressed close; botany)

Increased growth on the lower side causing an upward bend, opp to epinasty

hyponatraeˈmia noun

An abnormally low concentration of sodium in the blood

hyponīˈtrite noun

A salt or ester of hyponīˈtrous acid, a crystalline acid, H₂N₂O₂, an oxidizing or reducing agent

hyˈponym noun

(Gr onyma a name) one of a group of terms whose meanings are included in the meaning of a more general term, eg spaniel and puppy in the meaning of dog

hyponˈymy noun

hypophosphite /-fosˈfīt/ noun

A salt of hypophosphorous acid, an acid (H₃PO₂) with less oxygen than phosphorous acid

hypophrygian /-frijˈi-ən/ adjective

1. Below the Phrygian mode
2. Applied in ancient Greek music to a mode having as its upper tetrachord the lower tetrachord of the Phrygian (as: g; a b c d; d e f g), and in old church music to a plagal mode extending from b to b, with e for its final

hypophyseal or hypophysial /-fizˈi-əl/ adjective

hypophysecˈtomy noun

Surgical removal of the pituitary gland

hypophysis /hī-pofˈi-sis/ noun (pl hypophˈysēs)

1. (Gr hypophysis an attachment underneath, from phyein to grow) a down-growth (zoology)
2. The pituitary gland
3. An inflated part of the pedicel under the capsule, in mosses (botany)
4. (in flowering plants) a cell between the suspensor and the embryo proper

hypopitūˈitarism noun

Underproduction of growth hormones by the pituitary gland

hypoplasia /-plāˈzi-ə or -zhə/ noun (Gr plasis a forming; pathology)

Underdevelopment or immaturity of an organ

hypoplastic /-plasˈ/ adjective

hypoplastron /-plasˈtron/ noun (zoology)

The plate behind the hyoplastron in a turtle's plastron

hypospadias /-spāˈdi-əs/ noun

(Gr spaein to tear) a congenital deficiency in the floor of the male urethra, causing it to have its opening on the underside of the penis

hypostasis /hip- or hīp-osˈtə-sis/ noun (pl hyposˈtasēs)

1. (Gr hypostasis, from stasis setting) orig basis, foundation
2. Substance, essence (philosophy)
3. The essence or real personal subsistence or substance of each of the three divisions of the Trinity
4. Christ as the union of human and divine qualities (theology)
5. Sediment, deposit
6. Passive hyperaemia in a dependent part owing to sluggishness of circulation (medicine)

hypostasize or hypostasise transitive verb same as hypostatize below

hypostatic /-statˈik/ or hypostatˈical adjective

hypostatˈically adverb

hyposˈtatize or hyposˈtatise transitive verb

1. To treat as hypostasis
2. To personify

hypˈostress noun

Insufficient stress

hypostrophe /hip- or hīp-osˈtrə-fi/ noun

1. (Gr hypostrophē turning back) relapse (medicine)
2. Reversion after a parenthesis (rhetoric)

hypostyle /hipˈ or hīpˈō-stīl/ adjective (Gr stȳlos a pillar; architecture)

Having the roof supported by pillars

A building with such a roof

hyposulˈphate noun

A dithionate

hyposulˈphite noun

A salt of hyposulphurous acid (H₂S₂O₄; also, in older usage H₂S₂O₃)

hyposulphūrˈic adjective

Dithionic

hypotacˈtic adjective

hypotaxis /-takˈsis/ noun (Gr taxis arrangement; grammar)

1. Dependent construction
2. Subordination of one clause to another (cf parataxis)

hypotenˈsion noun

Low blood pressure

hypotenˈsive adjective

1. Characterized by low blood pressure
2. Reducing blood pressure

A person with low blood pressure

hypotenuse /hīp-, hip-otˈən-ūs or -ūz/ or hypothenuse /-othˈ/ noun

(Fr hypoténuse, from L hypotēnūsa, from Gr hypoteinousa fem participle, subtending or stretching under, from teinein to stretch) the side of a right-angled triangle opposite to the right angle

hypothalamˈic adjective

hypothalamus /-thalˈə-məs/ noun (LL; medicine)

The part of the brain that makes up the floor and part of the lateral walls of the third ventricle

hypothec /hip- or hīp-othˈik/ noun

(Gr hypothēkē a pledge) in Scots law, a lien or security over goods in respect of a debt due by the owner of the goods (the hale (or whole) hypothec (Scot) the whole affair, collection, concern; everything)

hypothˈecary adjective

Relating to hypothecation or mortgage

hypothˈecate transitive verb

1. To place or assign as security under an arrangement
2. To mortgage
3. To hypothesize (N American)

hypothecāˈtion noun

hypothˈecātor noun

hypothermˈal adjective

hypothermia /-thûrˈmi-ə/ noun

(Gr thermē heat) subnormal body temperature, caused by exposure to cold or induced for purposes of heart and other surgery (see freeze down under freeze)

hypothesis /hī-pothˈi-sis/ noun (pl hypothˈesēs)

1. (Gr hypothesis, from thesis placing) a supposition
2. A proposition assumed for the sake of argument
3. A theory to be proved or disproved by reference to facts
4. A provisional explanation of anything

hypothˈesize, hypothˈesise, hypothˈetize or hypothˈetize transitive verb and intransitive verb

hypothetˈic or hypothetˈical adjective

hypothetˈically adverb

hypothyˈroid adjective

Relating to or affected by hypothyroidism

hypothyˈroidism noun

1. Insufficient activity of the thyroid gland
2. A condition resulting from this, cretinism, etc

hypotōnˈia noun

A hypnotic condition

hypotonˈic adjective

1. (of muscles) lacking normal tone
2. (of a solution) having lower osmotic pressure than a specified solution

hypotrochoid /-trōˈkoid/ noun

(Gr trochos wheel, and eidos form) the curve traced by a point on the radius, or radius produced, of a circle rolling within another circle

hypotyposis /-tīp-ōˈsis/ noun (rhetoric)

Vivid description of a scene

hypoventilāˈtion noun

Abnormally decreased speed and depth of breathing

hypovolaeˈmia or (US) hypovolēˈmia noun (volume, and Gr haima blood; medicine)

Abnormal reduction of the volume of blood or blood plasma

hypovolaeˈmic or (US) hypovolēˈmic adjective

hypoxaemia or (N American) hypoxemia /-ēˈmi-ə/ noun

Deficiency of oxygenation of the blood

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