| 单词 | hydronium ion |
| 释义 | hydrogen /hīˈdrə-jən/nounA gaseous element (symbol H; atomic no 1) which in combination with oxygen produces water, is the lightest of all known substances, and very inflammable, and (in water or heavy water) is of great importance in the moderation (slowing down) of neutrons ORIGIN: Coined by English chemist Henry Cavendish (1731–1810) from Gr hydōr water, and gennaein to produce hyˈdric adjective Of or containing hydrogen hyˈdride noun A compound of hydrogen with an element or radical hyˈdrogenase noun An enzyme that catalyses reduction by hydrogen hydrogenate /hīˈdrō-jən-āt or hī-drojˈən-āt/ transitive verb To (cause to) combine with hydrogen, as in the hardening of oils by converting an olein into a stearin by addition of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel or palladium hydrogˈenated adjective hydrogenāˈtion noun hydrogˈenize or hydrogˈenise transitive verb To hydrogenate hydrogˈenous adjective hydrogen bomb or Hˈ-bomb noun A bomb in which an enormous release of energy is achieved by converting hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei in a fusion, not fission, process started by great heat (the first H-bomb was exploded by the USA in November 1952) hydrogen bond noun A strong inter- or intra-molecular force, important in water molecule self-association and in polypeptide chain arrangement in proteins, resulting from the interaction of a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons on another electronegative atom and similarly in the bonding of the base pairs in the two strands of DNA hydrogen cyanide noun A toxic gas, HCN, which when dissolved in water forms hydrocyanic acid hydrogen ion noun An atom of hydrogen carrying a positive charge, a proton, esp an ion formed in a solution of acid in water hydrogen peroxide see under peroxide hydrogen sulphide noun A compound of hydrogen and sulphur, H2S hydronium ion noun A hydrated hydrogen ion, such as H3O+ heavy hydrogen see under heavy hydrogenation of coal Conversion of coal to liquid fuels by hydrogenation |
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