英语词汇“arch-”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

Collins Concise English Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers::

arch-, archi- combining form

chief; principal; of highest rank
eminent above all others of the same kind; extreme

Etymology: ultimately from Greek arkhi-, from arkhein to rule

arch¹ n. [countable]

Architecturea curved construction over an opening.
Architecturea doorway, gateway, or opening having a curved head;
archway.
anything bowed or curved like an arch:the arch of the foot.

to form (into) an arch: [no object]The elms arched over the road.[~ + object]The cat arched its back as a warning.

arch² adj.

crafty;
sly;
mischievous or cunning:an arch little grin.
chief;
main:They were arch foes.

arch•ly, adv.
arch•ness, n. [uncountable]

-arch-, root.

-arch- comes from Greek, where it has the meaning "chief;
leader;
ruler.'' This meaning is found in such words as: anarchy, archbishop, archdiocese, hierarchy, matriarch, monarch, monarchy, patriarch.
-arch- is also used to form nouns that refer to persons who are the most important, most notable, or the most extreme examples of (the following noun): archenemy (= the most important enemy);
archconservative (= the most extreme example of a conservative).
-arch- also appears with the meaning "first, earliest, original, oldest in time.'' This meaning is found in such words as: archaeology, archaic, archaism, archetype.

arch., an abbreviation of:

archaic.
Architecturearchitect.
Architecturearchitecture.

archi-,

a combining form with the general sense "first, principal,'' that is prefixed to nouns denoting things that are earliest, most basic, or bottommost (archiblast;
archiphoneme;
architrave);
or denoting individuals who direct or have authority over others of their class, usually named by the base noun (archimandrite;
architect).

Also,[esp. before a vowel,] arch-.

arch-

arche-.

Greek, combining form akin to arché̄ beginning, árchos leader, árchein to be the first, command

arch¹ n.

Architecture
- Architecturea curved masonry construction for spanning an opening, consisting of a number of wedgelike stones, bricks, or the like, set with the narrower side toward the opening in such a way that forces on the arch are transmitted as vertical or oblique stresses on either side of the opening.
- Architecturean upwardly curved construction, as of steel or timber functioning in the manner of a masonry arch.
- Architecturea doorway, gateway, etc., having a curved head;
  an archway.
- Architecturethe curved head of an opening, as a doorway.
any overhead curvature resembling an arch.
something bowed or curved;
any bowlike part:the arch of the foot.
Clothinga device inserted in or built into shoes for supporting the arch of the foot.
Civil Engineeringa dam construction having the form of a barrel vault running vertically with its convex face toward the impounded water.
Ceramics[Glassmaking.]
- a chamber or opening in a glassmaking furnace.
- See pot arch.

v.t.

to cover with a vault, or span with an arch:the rude bridge that arched the flood.
to throw or make into the shape of an arch or vault;
curve:The horse arched its neck.

v.i.

to form an arch:elms arching over the road.
Nautical, Naval Termshog (def. 16).

Vulgar Latin *arca, feminine variant of Latin arcus arc
Old French arche
Middle English arch(e) 1250–1300

arch² adj.

playfully roguish or mischievous:an arch smile.
cunning;
crafty;
sly.

[Obs.]a person who is preeminent;
a chief.

independent use of arch-¹

arch-¹ :

a combining form that represents the outcome of archi- in words borrowed through Latin from Greek in the Old English period;
it subsequently became a productive form added to nouns of any origin, which thus denote individuals or institutions directing or having authority over others of their class (archbishop;
archdiocese;
archpriest). More recently, arch- ¹ has developed the senses "principal'' (archenemy;
archrival) or "prototypical'' and thus exemplary or extreme (archconservative);
nouns so formed are almost always pejorative.

Greek. Cf. archangel
Medieval Latin arci-, and Gothic ark- directly
Greek (see archi-); but Dutch aarts-, Middle Low German erse-, Middle High German, German Erz-
Latin archi-
Old English arce-, ærce-, erce- ( Old Norse erki-) Middle English

arch-² :

var. of archi- before a vowel:archangel; archenteron.

-arch,

a combining form meaning "chief, leader, ruler,'' used in the formation of compound words:monarch;matriarch;heresiarch.

Greek -archos or -archēs, as comb. forms of árchos leader; compare archi-

Arch.,

Archbishop.

arch.,

archaic.
archaism.
Sportarchery.
archipelago.
Architecturearchitect.
Architecturearchitectural.
Architecturearchitecture.
archive;
archives.

单词	arch-
释义	Collins Concise English Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers:: arch-, archi- combining form chief; principal; of highest rank eminent above all others of the same kind; extreme Etymology: ultimately from Greek arkhi-, from arkhein to rule WordReference Random House Learner's Dictionary of American English © 2024 arch¹ /ɑrtʃ/USA pronunciation n. [countable] Architecturea curved construction over an opening. Architecturea doorway, gateway, or opening having a curved head; archway. anything bowed or curved like an arch:the arch of the foot. v. to form (into) an arch: [no object]The elms arched over the road.[~ + object]The cat arched its back as a warning. arch² /ɑrtʃ/USA pronunciation adj. crafty; sly; mischievous or cunning:an arch little grin. chief; main:They were arch foes. arch•ly, adv. arch•ness, n. [uncountable] -arch-, root. -arch- comes from Greek, where it has the meaning "chief; leader; ruler.'' This meaning is found in such words as: anarchy, archbishop, archdiocese, hierarchy, matriarch, monarch, monarchy, patriarch. -arch- is also used to form nouns that refer to persons who are the most important, most notable, or the most extreme examples of (the following noun): archenemy (= the most important enemy); archconservative (= the most extreme example of a conservative). -arch- also appears with the meaning "first, earliest, original, oldest in time.'' This meaning is found in such words as: archaeology, archaic, archaism, archetype. arch., an abbreviation of: archaic. Architecturearchitect. Architecturearchitecture. WordReference Random House Unabridged Dictionary of American English © 2024 archi-, a combining form with the general sense "first, principal,'' that is prefixed to nouns denoting things that are earliest, most basic, or bottommost (archiblast; archiphoneme; architrave); or denoting individuals who direct or have authority over others of their class, usually named by the base noun (archimandrite; architect). `Also,[esp. before a vowel,] arch-.` Cf. arch- ¹ , arche-. Greek, combining form akin to arché̄ beginning, árchos leader, árchein to be the first, command WordReference Random House Unabridged Dictionary of American English © 2024 arch¹ (ärch),USA pronunciation n. Architecture Architecturea curved masonry construction for spanning an opening, consisting of a number of wedgelike stones, bricks, or the like, set with the narrower side toward the opening in such a way that forces on the arch are transmitted as vertical or oblique stresses on either side of the opening. Architecturean upwardly curved construction, as of steel or timber functioning in the manner of a masonry arch. Architecturea doorway, gateway, etc., having a curved head; an archway. Architecturethe curved head of an opening, as a doorway. any overhead curvature resembling an arch. something bowed or curved; any bowlike part:the arch of the foot. Clothinga device inserted in or built into shoes for supporting the arch of the foot. Civil Engineeringa dam construction having the form of a barrel vault running vertically with its convex face toward the impounded water. Ceramics[Glassmaking.] a chamber or opening in a glassmaking furnace. See pot arch. v.t. to cover with a vault, or span with an arch:the rude bridge that arched the flood. to throw or make into the shape of an arch or vault; curve:The horse arched its neck. v.i. to form an arch:elms arching over the road. Nautical, Naval Termshog (def. 16). Vulgar Latin *arca, feminine variant of Latin arcus arc Old French arche Middle English arch(e) 1250–1300 arch² (ärch),USA pronunciation adj. playfully roguish or mischievous:an arch smile. cunning; crafty; sly. n. [Obs.]a person who is preeminent; a chief. independent use of arch-¹ arch-¹ : a combining form that represents the outcome of archi- in words borrowed through Latin from Greek in the Old English period; it subsequently became a productive form added to nouns of any origin, which thus denote individuals or institutions directing or having authority over others of their class (archbishop; archdiocese; archpriest). More recently, arch- ¹ has developed the senses "principal'' (archenemy; archrival) or "prototypical'' and thus exemplary or extreme (archconservative); nouns so formed are almost always pejorative. Greek. Cf. archangel Medieval Latin arci-, and Gothic ark- directly Greek (see archi-); but Dutch aarts-, Middle Low German erse-, Middle High German, German Erz- Latin archi- Old English arce-, ærce-, erce- ( Old Norse erki-) Middle English arch-² : var. of archi- before a vowel:archangel; archenteron. -arch, a combining form meaning "chief, leader, ruler,'' used in the formation of compound words:monarch;matriarch;heresiarch. Greek -archos or -archēs, as comb. forms of árchos leader; compare archi- Arch., Archbishop. arch., archaic. archaism. Sportarchery. archipelago. Architecturearchitect. Architecturearchitectural. Architecturearchitecture. archive; archives.
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